Urban concentrations of black carbon (BC) and other primary pollutants vary on small spatial scales (<100m). Mobile air pollution measurements can provide information on fine-scale spatial variation, thereby informing exposure assessment and mitigation efforts. However, the temporal sparsity of these measurements presents a challenge for estimating representative long-term concentrations. We evaluate the capabilities of mobile monitoring in the represention of time-stable spatial patterns by comparing against a large set of continuous fixed-site measurements from a sampling campaign in West Oakland, California. Custom-built, low-cost aerosol black carbon detectors (ABCDs) provided 100 days of continuous measurements at 97 near-road and 3 background fixed sites during summer 2017; two concurrently operated mobile laboratories collected over 300 h of in-motion measurements using a photoacoustic extinctiometer. The spatial coverage from mobile monitoring reveals patterns missed by the fixed-site network. Time-integrated measurements from mobile lab visits to fixed-site monitors reveal modest correlation (spatial R² = 0.51) with medians of full daytime fixed-site measurements. Aggregation of mobile monitoring data in space and time can mitigate high levels of uncertainty associated with measurements at precise locations or points in time. However, concentrations estimated by mobile monitoring show a loss of spatial fidelity at spatial aggregations greater than 100 m.

中文翻译：

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用于高分辨率城市污染测绘的移动和固定站点黑碳测量的比较。

城市中的黑碳（BC）和其他主要污染物的浓度在较小的空间范围内（<100m）变化。移动空气污染测量可以提供有关小尺度空间变化的信息，从而为暴露评估和缓解工作提供信息。然而，这些测量的时间稀疏性对于估计代表性的长期浓度提出了挑战。我们通过与加利福尼亚州西奥克兰市采样活动中的大量连续固定地点测量结果进行比较，评估了在时间稳定的空间模式表示中的移动监视功能。定制的低成本气溶胶黑碳探测器（ABCD）在2017年夏季期间在97个近距离道路和3个背景固定地点提供了100天的连续测量；两个同时运行的移动实验室使用光声消光计收集了300多个运动中的测量值。移动监控的空间覆盖范围揭示了固定站点网络遗漏的模式。从移动实验室访问到固定站点监控器的时间积分测量揭示了适度的相关性（空间R² = 0.51），其中包括全天固定地点测量的中位数。在空间和时间上聚合移动监控数据可以减轻与在精确位置或时间点进行测量相关的高度不确定性。但是，通过移动监测估算的浓度显示，在空间聚集度大于100 m时，空间保真度会损失。