Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells that can activate either in response to T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement or through activating cytokines and play an important role in autoimmune disorders. The study examined the level and function of MAIT cells in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Circulating MAIT cell levels were significantly reduced in IBD patients. This MAIT cell deficiency was correlated with IBD disease activity grades, hemoglobin, and CRP. IFN-γ production of circulating MAIT cells in response to both MHC class 1b-like related protein (MR1)-dependent and -independent stimulations was decreased in IBD patients, which was partially associated with reduced activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFAT1) transcription factor, a main regulator of IFN-γ production. Expression levels of CD69, programmed death-1 (PD-1), and annexin V in MAIT cells were elevated in IBD patients. CCL20, CXCL10, CXCL16, and CCL25 were expressed higher in inflamed intestinal tissues than in noninflamed tissues. This study demonstrates that circulating MAIT cells are activated and numerically and functionally deficient in IBD patients. Furthermore, activated MAIT cells have the potential to migrate to inflamed tissues. These findings suggest an important role of MAIT cells in mucosal immunity in IBD.
J Innate Immun

中文翻译：

---

炎症性肠病患者黏膜相关不变T细胞的活化，缺乏和IFN-γ产生减少。

粘膜相关不变T（MAIT）是先天性的T细胞，可以响应T细胞受体（TCR）参与或通过激活细胞因子而激活，并在自身免疫性疾病中发挥重要作用。这项研究检查了炎症性肠病（IBD）患者MAIT细胞的水平和功能。IBD患者的循环MAIT细胞水平显着降低。这种MAIT细胞缺乏与IBD疾病活动度，血红蛋白和CRP相关。IBD患者响应MHC 1b类相关蛋白（MR1）依赖性和非依赖性刺激的循环MAIT细胞的IFN-γ产生减少，部分与活化T细胞1的核因子活化降低有关（ NFAT1）转录因子，是IFN-γ产生的主要调节因子。IBD患者中MAIT细胞中CD69，程序性死亡1（PD-1）和膜联蛋白V的表达水平升高。CCL20，CXCL10，CXCL16和CCL25在发炎的肠组织中的表达高于未发炎的组织。这项研究表明，在IBD患者中，循环中的MAIT细胞被激活并且在数量和功能上都不足。此外，活化的MAIT细胞具有迁移至发炎组织的潜力。这些发现表明MAIT细胞在IBD的粘膜免疫中具有重要作用。此外，活化的MAIT细胞具有迁移至发炎组织的潜力。这些发现表明MAIT细胞在IBD的粘膜免疫中具有重要作用。此外，活化的MAIT细胞具有迁移至发炎组织的潜力。这些发现表明MAIT细胞在IBD的粘膜免疫中具有重要作用。
免疫学杂志