Typhuloid fungi are a very poorly known group of tiny clavarioid homobasidiomycetes. The phylogenetic position and family classification of the genera targeted here, Ceratellopsis, Macrotyphula, Pterula sensu lato and Typhula, are controversial and based on unresolved phylogenies. Our six-gene phylogeny with an expanded taxon sampling shows that typhuloid fungi evolved at least twice in the Agaricales (Pleurotineae, Clavariineae) and once in the Hymenochaetales. Macrotyphula, Pterulicium and Typhula are nested within the Pleurotineae. The type of Typhula (1818) and Sclerotium (1790), T. phacorrhiza and S. complanatum (synonym T. phacorrhiza), are encompassed in the Macrotyphula clade that is distantly related to a monophyletic group formed by species usually assigned to Typhula. Thus, the correct name for Macrotyphula (1972) and Typhula is Sclerotium and all Typhula species but those in the T. phacorrhiza group need to be transferred to Pistillaria (1821). To avoid undesirable nomenclatural changes, we suggest to conserve Typhula with T. incarnata as type. Clavariaceae is supported as a separate, early diverging lineage within Agaricales, with Hygrophoraceae as a successive sister taxon to the rest of the Agaricales. Ceratellopsis s. auct. is polyphyletic because C. acuminata nests in Clavariaceae and C. sagittiformis in the Hymenochaetales. Ceratellopsis is found to be an earlier name for Pterulicium, because the type, C. queletii, represents Pterulicium gracile (synonym Pterula gracilis), deeply nested in the Pterulicium clade. To avoid re-combining a large number of names in Ceratellopsis we suggest to conserve it with C. acuminata as type. The new genus Bryopistillaria is created to include C. sagittiformis. The families Sarcomyxaceae and Phyllotopsidaceae, and the suborder Clavariineae, are described as new. Six new combinations are proposed and 15 names typified.

伤寒菌类真菌是一个鲜为人知的微小棒状同担子菌纲。此处针对的属Ceratellopsis、Macrotyphula、Pterula sensu lato和Typhula的系统发育位置和科分类是有争议的，并且基于未解决的系统发育。我们的六基因系统发育具有扩展分类群取样表明，typhuloid真菌两倍至少演进伞菌目（Pleurotineae，Clavariineae），一次在锈革孔菌目。Macrotyphula，Pterulicium和Typhula嵌套在内部Pleurotineae. 的类型的Typhula（1818）和白绢（1790），T. phacorrhiza和S. complanatum（同义词T. phacorrhiza），均包括在Macrotyphula进化枝被远亲由通常被分配给物种形成的单系类群Typhula。因此，Macrotyphula (1972) 和Typhula的正确名称是Sclerotium，除了T. phacorrhiza组中的所有Typhula物种都需要转移到Pistillaria (1821)。为了避免不必要的命名变化，我们建议保存Typhula与T. incarnata作为类型。Clavariaceae支持为中一个单独的，早期的分歧谱系伞菌目，用蜡伞科作为一个连续的姐妹类群的其余伞菌目。仙人掌 s. 拍卖 是多系的，因为C. acuminata在Clavariaceae 中筑巢，而C. sagittiformis在Hymenochaetales 中筑巢。Ceratellopsis被发现是用于较早的名称Pterulicium，因为类型，C. queletii，表示Pterulicium竹叶（同义词Pterula gracilis )，深深地嵌套在Pterulicium进化枝中。为了避免在Ceratellopsis 中重新组合大量名称，我们建议将其保存为C. acuminata作为类型。新的Bryopistillaria属包括C. sagittiformis。家属Sarcomyxaceae和Phyllotopsidaceae和亚目Clavariineae，被描述为新的。提出了 6 种新组合，并指定了 15 个名称。