Abstract In European Union Countries, local authorities have developed their own Sustainable Energy Action Plan aiming at planning the urban strategies to achieve the European Union and national 2020 energy targets. This document is used for detecting and deploying the energy measures which each municipality should adopt in order to reduce the environmental impact of the municipality activities. Further efforts are expected to define the strategies for achieving 2050 goals. In this framework, this work deals with the dynamic estimation energy saving actions for small districts located in different Italian weather zones (Naples and Turin, located in South and North Italy, respectively). The data of the Sustainable Energy Action Plan were used to develop suitable dynamic models, implemented in TRNSYS environment, including different buildings of selected districts. In particular, all the buildings were modelled by means of the Type 56 of TRNSYS, coupled to the Google SketchUp TRNSYS3d plug-in. By means of Type 56, it is possible to take into account and simulate the buildings geometry, envelope, windows, lighting, machineries heat gains schedule as well as the buildings users’ occupation and activity. Given the loads, several energy efficient renovation alternatives based on the adoption of air-to-air conventional and carbon dioxide heat pumps, evacuated thermal collectors and photovoltaic panels, as well as the envelope renovation of all the public and private buildings of the district, are proposed and compared. Results, obtained by detailed dynamic energy and environmental analyses, can be used as guidelines for the local authorities to implement suitable energy efficiency actions of existing buildings in order to reduce both the thermal energy and carbon dioxide emissions due to the building space heating/cooling, domestic hot water and electricity. The proposed renewable layout for Naples case study achieves a primary energy savings of 58% with a payback period of 4 years. The renewable layout for Turin case study achieves a primary energy savings of 76% with a payback period of 10.6 years.

中文翻译：

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小区域的能源效率：动态模拟和技术经济分析

摘要 在欧盟国家，地方当局制定了自己的可持续能源行动计划，旨在规划城市战略以实现欧盟和国家 2020 年能源目标。该文件用于检测和部署每个市政当局应采取的能源措施，以减少市政活动对环境的影响。预计将进一步努力确定实现 2050 年目标的战略。在这个框架中，这项工作涉及位于意大利不同天气区（分别位于意大利南部和北部的那不勒斯和都灵）的小区域的动态估计节能行动。可持续能源行动计划的数据用于开发合适的动态模型，在 TRNSYS 环境中实施，包括选定地区的不同建筑物。特别是，所有建筑物均通过 TRNSYS 的 Type 56 建模，并与 Google SketchUp TRNSYS3d 插件相结合。通过 Type 56，可以考虑和模拟建筑物的几何形状、围护结构、窗户、照明、机械热增益计划以及建筑物用户的职业和活动。考虑到负荷，基于采用空气对空气常规和二氧化碳热泵、真空集热器和光伏电池板的几种节能改造方案，以及该地区所有公共和私人建筑的围护结构改造，提出并比较。通过详细的动态能源和环境分析获得的结果，可作为地方当局对现有建筑实施适当的能效行动的指导方针，以减少由于建筑空间供暖/制冷、生活热水和电力而产生的热能和二氧化碳排放。那不勒斯案例研究的拟议可再生布局实现了 58% 的一次能源节约，投资回收期为 4 年。都灵案例研究的可再生能源布局实现了 76% 的一次能源节约，投资回收期为 10.6 年。