Herbal medicines are used for the treatment of many infectious diseases throughout the history of mankind. The increasing antibiotic resistance exhibited by microorganisms has led to the phytochemical screening of medicinal plants for antimicrobial activity. Many infections can be treated by phytochemicals possessing potent antibacterial efficiency. The pharmacological activities of any plant is because of the presence of primary metabolites, secondary metabolites and its secretary products, comprising the phenolic compounds, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, carbohydrates, glycosides, flavanoids, steroids, etc. Helicteres isora L. is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine. The root and bark are expectorant, demulcent, astringent to the bowels, antigalactagogue, lessen gripping; a cure for scabies when applied topically. Soxhlet extraction or hot continuous extraction: In this method, finely ground sample was placed in thimble chamber of the Soxhlet apparatus. Extraction solvents was heated in the bottom flask, vaporizes into the sample thimble, condenses in the condenser and drip back. When the liquid content reaches the siphon arm, the liquid contents emptied into the bottom flask again and the process is continued. Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus NCIM 2079, Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli NCIM 2109, Fungi (Yeast) Candida albicans NCIM 3471, Fungi (Mould) Aspergillus niger NCIM 545 are used as reference Strain for antimicrobial activity. Antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH method. Chloroform Extracts of leaves, Stem and fruits of Helicteres isora L. exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Aspergillus, niger. The stem extract showed highest antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli with zone of inhibition of 19.24 mm and leaves lowest activity against Candida albicans with zone of inhibition of 11.26 mm. Antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH method. The use of herbal crude drugs, in tracts and their remedies have significantly increased throughout the world. Efforts must be made to ensure safe, effective and affordable treatments for wide range of diseases by traditional methods which use locally available medicinal plants. The scientific and authentic researches on these aspects are to be done in order to exploit traditional knowledge of medicinal plants.

中文翻译：

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Helicteres isora L.植物化学物质的提取及其抑菌和抗氧化活性的研究

在整个人类历史上，草药用于治疗许多传染病。微生物表现出的增加的抗药性导致对药用植物进行抗菌活性的植物化学筛选。许多感染可以通过具有有效抗菌作用的植物化学物质来治疗。任何植物的药理活性是由于存在主要代谢物，次要代谢物及其秘书产品，包括酚类化合物，生物碱，单宁，皂角苷，碳水化合物，糖苷，类黄酮，类固醇等。Helicteres isora L.是一种药物传统医学中使用的植物。根和树皮具有祛痰，润燥，肠涩，抗催乳剂作用，可减轻粘连；局部使用时可治愈sc疮。索氏提取或热连续萃取：在这种方法中，将细磨的样品置于索氏设备的顶针室中。萃取溶剂在底部烧瓶中加热，蒸发成样品套管，在冷凝器中冷凝并滴回。当液体含量到达虹吸臂时，液体含量再次倒入底部烧瓶中，并继续该过程。革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌NCIM 2079，革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌NCIM 2109，真菌（酵母）白色念珠菌NCIM 3471，真菌（霉菌）黑曲霉NCIM 545被用作抗菌活性的参考菌株。通过DPPH方法测试抗氧化活性。Helicteres isora L.的叶，茎和果实的氯仿提取物对大肠杆菌，金黄色葡萄球菌，白色念珠菌和黑曲霉。茎提取物对大肠杆菌的抗菌活性最高，抑制区为19.24 mm，对白色念珠菌的抗菌活性最低，抑制区为11.26 mm。通过DPPH方法测试抗氧化活性。在世界范围内，草药原药的使用及其领域已大大增加。必须努力通过使用当地可得的药用植物的传统方法，确保对各种疾病进行安全，有效和负担得起的治疗。为了开发药用植物的传统知识，必须对这些方面进行科学和可靠的研究。24 mm，对白色念珠菌的活性最低，抑制区为11.26 mm。通过DPPH方法测试抗氧化活性。在世界范围内，草药原药的使用及其领域已大大增加。必须努力通过使用当地可得的药用植物的传统方法，确保对各种疾病进行安全，有效和负担得起的治疗。为了开发药用植物的传统知识，必须对这些方面进行科学和可靠的研究。24 mm，对白色念珠菌的活性最低，抑制区为11.26 mm。通过DPPH方法测试抗氧化活性。在世界范围内，草药原药的使用及其领域已大大增加。必须努力通过使用当地可得的药用植物的传统方法，确保对各种疾病进行安全，有效和负担得起的治疗。为了开发药用植物的传统知识，必须对这些方面进行科学和可靠的研究。通过使用当地可得的药用植物的传统方法，对各种疾病进行有效且负担得起的治疗。为了开发药用植物的传统知识，必须对这些方面进行科学和可靠的研究。通过使用当地可得的药用植物的传统方法，对各种疾病进行有效且负担得起的治疗。为了开发药用植物的传统知识，必须对这些方面进行科学和可靠的研究。