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The origin of the forest-grassland mosaic of central Cameroon: What we learn from the isotopic geochemistry of soil organic matter
The Holocene ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 , DOI: 10.1177/0959683620932963
Thierry Desjardins 1 , Bruno Turcq 2 , Anne-Marie Lézine 3 , Jean-Pierre Nguetnkam 4 , Magloire Mandeng-Yogo 2 , Fethiye Cetin 2 , Gaston Achoundong 5
Affiliation  

The end of the Holocene Humid Period was characterized by the massive collapse of forest ecosystems in central Africa. Was this large-scale environmental crisis dated between 3300 and 2500 years BP at the origin of the present-day wooded-grassland/forest mosaic of central Cameroon? Here we present carbon isotope data on soil organic matter collected from 29 sites from this area, including the Grassfield plateaus, with the aim of characterizing this environmental crisis and discussing the origin of the present-day landscape. 14C data on total soil organic matter and charcoal fragments show that the organic matter in these soils originates from the Holocene. In our forest sites, the δ13C profiles do not show any marked alteration of the forest cover throughout the Holocene. Discrete traces of forest expansion or retreat are observed only punctually at the forest margins. In the wooded-grassland/forest mosaic zone, the environmental crisis was of reduced amplitude. In the present grassland and wooded grassland areas, there was no true forest during the lower to middle Holocene, but a markedly more tree-covered landscape. The timing of this crisis revealed by our 14C measurements, although only indicative at this stage, suggests that it occurred earlier at higher altitudes than in the lowlands due to marked topographic relief favoring drainage along the slopes. These results fit a climatic rather than anthropogenic origin of the vegetation opening in this region.

中文翻译:

喀麦隆中部森林-草地镶嵌的起源:我们从土壤有机质的同位素地球化学中学到什么

全新世湿润期结束的特点是中非森林生态系统大规模崩溃。这场大规模的环境危机是在公元前 3300 年到 2500 年之间发生在喀麦隆中部今天树木繁茂的草地/森林马赛克的起源地吗?在这里,我们提供了从该地区 29 个地点收集的土壤有机质的碳同位素数据,包括 Grassfield 高原,目的是表征这种环境危机并讨论当今景观的起源。14C 总土壤有机质和木炭碎片的数据表明,这些土壤中的有机质来自全新世。在我们的森林遗址中,δ13C 剖面没有显示出整个全新世森林覆盖的任何显着变化。森林扩张或撤退的离散痕迹仅在森林边缘准时观察到。在树木繁茂的草地/森林镶嵌区,环境危机的幅度有所降低。在现在的草原和林地草原地区,在全新世中下至中期没有真正的森林,但树木覆盖的景观明显增多。我们的 14C 测量揭示了这场危机的时间,虽然仅在现阶段具有指示性,但表明它在高海拔地区比在低地更早发生,因为明显的地形起伏有利于沿斜坡排水。这些结果符合该地区植被开放的气候而不是人为起源。在现在的草原和林地草原地区,在全新世中下至中期没有真正的森林,但树木覆盖的景观明显增多。我们的 14C 测量揭示了这场危机的时间,虽然仅在现阶段具有指示性,但表明它在高海拔地区比在低地更早发生,因为明显的地形起伏有利于沿斜坡排水。这些结果符合该地区植被开放的气候而不是人为起源。在现在的草原和林地草原地区,在全新世中下至中期没有真正的森林,但树木覆盖的景观明显增多。我们的 14C 测量揭示了这场危机的时间,虽然仅在现阶段具有指示性,但表明它在高海拔地区比在低地更早发生,因为明显的地形起伏有利于沿斜坡排水。这些结果符合该地区植被开放的气候而不是人为起源。表明它在高海拔地区比在低地更早发生,因为明显的地形起伏有利于沿斜坡排水。这些结果符合该地区植被开放的气候而不是人为起源。表明它在高海拔地区比在低地更早发生,因为明显的地形起伏有利于沿斜坡排水。这些结果符合该地区植被开放的气候而不是人为起源。
更新日期:2020-06-10
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