Abstract Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on earth, which has obtained increasing interest in the field of functional materials development for its renewable, high mechanical performance and environmental benign. In this study, the traditional processing method (wet spinning and film production) of cellulose-based materials was applied by using cellulose solution for 3D printing, which can directly build complex 3D patterns. Herein, a natural cellulose is dissolved in an effective mixed aqueous solution of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH). The cellulose solution extrusion was controlled by a modified fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer. During the controlled extrusion 3D printing process, the viscous cellulose solution will gelifies and further solidifies into a predetermined 3D pattern at room temperature in air. Subsequently, a cellulose hydrogel skeleton was obtained, when the 3D pattern was solvent-exchanged with deionized water. Finally, the mechanical and swelling performance of the cellulose hydrogel scaffold was improved by a cross-linking agent treatment method. With treatment of the 3D printed scaffolds in 0.8 wt% cross-linking agent solution, the obtained cellulose hydrogel could absorb 28 g/g water, and the compression strength was 96 kPa. This work provided an efficient way to prepare natural cellulose hydrogel by 3D printing under room temperature.

中文翻译：

---

通过挤压 3D 打印溶液制备纤维素水凝胶骨架

摘要 纤维素是地球上储量最丰富的天然聚合物，以其可再生、机械性能高、环境友好等特点，在功能材料开发领域越来越受到关注。在这项研究中，通过使用纤维素溶液进行 3D 打印，应用纤维素基材料的传统加工方法（湿法纺丝和薄膜生产），可以直接构建复杂的 3D 图案。在此，天然纤维素溶解在二甲基亚砜（DMSO）和四丁基氢氧化铵（TBAH）的有效混合水溶液中。纤维素溶液挤出由改进的熔融沉积建模 (FDM) 3D 打印机控制。在受控挤出 3D 打印过程中，粘性纤维素溶液会在室温下在空气中凝胶化并进一步固化成预定的 3D 图案。随后，当 3D 图案与去离子水进行溶剂交换时，获得了纤维素水凝胶骨架。最后，通过交联剂处理方法提高了纤维素水凝胶支架的力学和溶胀性能。将3D打印支架在0.8wt%的交联剂溶液中处理，所得纤维素水凝胶可吸水28g/g，抗压强度为96kPa。这项工作提供了一种在室温下通过 3D 打印制备天然纤维素水凝胶的有效方法。通过交联剂处理方法提高了纤维素水凝胶支架的力学性能和溶胀性能。将3D打印支架在0.8wt%的交联剂溶液中处理，所得纤维素水凝胶可吸水28g/g，抗压强度为96kPa。这项工作提供了一种在室温下通过 3D 打印制备天然纤维素水凝胶的有效方法。通过交联剂处理方法提高了纤维素水凝胶支架的力学性能和溶胀性能。将3D打印支架在0.8wt%的交联剂溶液中处理，所得纤维素水凝胶可吸水28g/g，抗压强度为96kPa。这项工作提供了一种在室温下通过 3D 打印制备天然纤维素水凝胶的有效方法。