Farmed rohu, Labeo rohita, is an economically important freshwater aquaculture species in south Asia. Consumer preference for this species has driven researchers to develop genetically improved rohu (Jayanti) for important traits such as growth and disease resistance. The feeding and breeding biology of rohu is well‐studied, but the physiological responses to stress or climate change at the molecular level are less understood. We summarized the genetic and advanced molecular tools used for biological insights into farmed rohu. Recently, next‐generation sequencing technology (NGS) and genome informatics have helped to identify biological questions in fish using genome, transcriptome, metagenome, proteome and epigenome sequencing. We briefly reviewed past rohu research using traditional selective breeding methods for genetic improvement, as well as the other molecular tools that have been utilized to understand the fish’s physiology, health, nutrition, stress and reproduction. We discuss the molecular techniques used in rohu, such as gene cloning and expression profiling, DNA markers, NGS, metagenomics, epigenomics, proteomics, cell culture/cell line development and transgenics. Finally, we address the future perspectives of rohu research, which may be driven by NGS and other advanced techniques like genome editing to improve rohu aquaculture production. The comprehensive information presented here will provide insights for the carp aquaculture research community.

中文翻译：

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遗传和基因组方法用于描述生物学信息和改善养殖的芜菁，Labeo rohita的水产养殖产量的现状（1822年，汉姆）

养殖的芜湖，Labeo rohita是南亚经济上重要的淡水养殖物种。消费者对这种物种的偏爱驱使研究人员开发出遗传改良的蔷薇（Jayanti），以生长和抗病等重要性状。人们对Rohu的饲养和繁殖生物学进行了深入研究，但对分子水平上对胁迫或气候变化的生理反应的了解却很少。我们总结了遗传和先进的分子工具，可用于对养殖的芜菁进行生物学鉴定。最近，下一代测序技术（NGS）和基因组信息学已帮助利用基因组，转录组，元基因组，蛋白质组和表观基因组测序来鉴定鱼类中的生物学问题。我们简要回顾了过去使用传统的选育方法进行遗传改良的rohu研究，以及用于理解鱼的生理，健康，营养，压力和繁殖的其他分子工具。我们讨论了rohu中使用的分子技术，例如基因克隆和表达谱，DNA标记，NGS，宏基因组学，表观基因组学，蛋白质组学，细胞培养/细胞系发育和转基因。最后，我们讨论了Rohu研究的未来前景，这可能是由NGS和其他先进技术（如基因组编辑以提高Rohu水产养殖产量）推动的。这里提供的综合信息将为鲤鱼水产养殖研究界提供见识。元基因组学，表观基因组学，蛋白质组学，细胞培养/细胞系发育和转基因。最后，我们讨论了Rohu研究的未来前景，这可能是由NGS和其他先进技术（如基因组编辑以提高Rohu水产养殖产量）推动的。这里提供的综合信息将为鲤鱼水产养殖研究界提供见识。元基因组学，表观基因组学，蛋白质组学，细胞培养/细胞系发育和转基因。最后，我们讨论了Rohu研究的未来前景，这可能是由NGS和其他先进技术（如基因组编辑以提高Rohu水产养殖产量）推动的。这里提供的综合信息将为鲤鱼水产养殖研究界提供见识。