1 INTRODUCTION

Crisis, by its very nature, requires decisive intervention. However, important questions can be obscured by the very immediacy of the crisis condition. What is the nature of the crisis? How it is defined (and by whom)? And, subsequently, what forms of knowledge are deemed legitimate and authoritative for informing interventions? As we see in the current pandemic, there is a desire for immediate answers and solutions during periods of uncertainty. Policymakers and publics grasp for techno‐scientific solutions, as though the technical nature of the crisis is self‐evident. What is often obscured by this impulse is the contingent, conjunctural and, ultimately, social nature of these crises. The danger here is that by focusing on immediate technical goals, unanticipated secondary effects are produced. These either exacerbate the existing crisis or else produce subsequent crises. Equally, these technical goals can conceal the varied, and often unjust, distribution of risk exposure and resources and capacities for mitigation present within and between societies. These socio‐political factors all have important functions in determining the effectiveness of interventions. As with climate change, the unfolding response to the COVID‐19 pandemic underscores the importance of broadening the knowledge base beyond technical considerations. Only by including social scientific knowledge is it possible to understand the social nature of the crises we face. Only then is it possible to develop effective, just and legitimate responses.

中文翻译：

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危机时期的社会科学知识：气候变化可以从冠状病毒中学到什么（反之亦然）。

1 简介

危机，就其本质而言，需要果断的干预。然而，重要的问题可能会被危机状况的直接性所掩盖。危机的本质是什么？它是如何定义的（以及由谁定义的）？并且，随后，哪些知识形式被认为是合法和权威的干预措施？正如我们在当前的大流行中看到的那样，在不确定时期，人们渴望立即得到答案和解决方案。政策制定者和公众掌握技术科学的解决方案，就好像危机的技术性质是不言而喻的。这种冲动经常掩盖的是这些危机的偶然性、联合性以及最终的社会性。这里的危险在于，通过专注于眼前的技术目标，会产生意想不到的次要影响。这些要么加剧现有的危机，要么产生后续的危机。同样，这些技术目标可以掩盖社会内部和社会之间存在的风险敞口、资源和缓解能力的各种分布，而且往往是不公平的。这些社会政治因素在确定干预措施的有效性方面都具有重要作用。与气候变化一样，对 COVID-19 大流行的不断发展的反应强调了扩大知识基础的重要性，超越技术考虑。只有纳入社会科学知识，才能理解我们面临的危机的社会本质。只有这样，才有可能制定有效、公正和合法的应对措施。社会内部和社会之间存在的风险暴露和资源和缓解能力的分布。这些社会政治因素在确定干预措施的有效性方面都具有重要作用。与气候变化一样，对 COVID-19 大流行的不断发展的反应强调了扩大知识基础的重要性，超越技术考虑。只有纳入社会科学知识，才能理解我们面临的危机的社会本质。只有这样，才有可能制定有效、公正和合法的应对措施。社会内部和社会之间存在的风险暴露和资源和缓解能力的分布。这些社会政治因素在确定干预措施的有效性方面都具有重要作用。与气候变化一样，对 COVID-19 大流行的不断发展的反应强调了扩大知识基础的重要性，超越技术考虑。只有纳入社会科学知识，才能理解我们面临的危机的社会本质。只有这样，才有可能制定有效、公正和合法的应对措施。对 COVID-19 大流行的不断发展的反应强调了在技术考虑之外扩大知识库的重要性。只有纳入社会科学知识，才能理解我们面临的危机的社会本质。只有这样，才有可能制定有效、公正和合法的应对措施。对 COVID-19 大流行的不断发展的反应强调了在技术考虑之外扩大知识库的重要性。只有纳入社会科学知识，才能理解我们面临的危机的社会本质。只有这样，才有可能制定有效、公正和合法的应对措施。