The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere is increasing at an alarming rate resulting in undesirable environmental issues. To mitigate this growing concentration of CO₂, selective carbon capture and storage/sequestration (CCS) are being investigated intensively. However, CCS technology is considered as an expensive and energy‐intensive process. In this context, selective carbon capture and utilization (CCU) as a C1 feedstock to synthesize value‐added chemicals and fuels is a promising step towards lowering the concentration of the atmospheric CO₂ and for the production of high‐value chemicals. Towards this direction, several strategies have been developed to convert CO₂, a Greenhouse gas (GHG) into useful chemicals by forming C−N, C−O, C−C, and C−H bonds. Among the various CO₂ functionalization processes known, the cycloaddition of CO₂ to epoxides has gained considerable interest owing to its 100% atom‐economic nature producing cyclic carbonates or polycarbonates in high yield and selectivity. Among the various classes of catalysts studied for cycloaddition of CO₂ to cyclic carbonates, porous metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained a special interest due to their modular nature facilitating the introduction of a high density of Lewis acidic (LA) and CO₂‐philic Lewis basic (LB) functionalities. However, most of the MOF‐based catalysts reported for cycloaddition of CO₂ to respective cyclic carbonates in high yields require additional co‐catalyst, say tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide (TBAB). On the contrary, the co‐catalyst‐free conversion of CO₂ using rationally designed MOFs composed of both LA and LB sites is relatively less studied. In this review, we provide a comprehensive account of the research progress in the design of MOF based catalysts for environment‐friendly, co‐catalyst‐free fixation of CO₂ into cyclic carbonates.

中文翻译：

---

通过使用金属有机骨架作为高效多相催化剂，将无CO2的无助催化剂化学固定在环状碳酸酯中。

大气中二氧化碳（CO ₂）的浓度以惊人的速度增加，从而导致不良的环境问题。为了减轻这种不断增长的CO ₂浓度，正在对选择性碳捕获和储存/封存（CCS）进行深入研究。但是，CCS技术被认为是昂贵且耗能的过程。在这种情况下，选择性碳捕获和利用（CCU）作为C1原料来合成增值化学品和燃料是降低大气中CO ₂浓度和生产高价值化学品的有希望的一步。朝着这个方向，已经开发了几种转化CO _{2的策略。}，通过形成CN，OC，CC和CH键将温室气体（GHG）转化为有用的化学物质。在已知的各种CO ₂官能化方法中，由于将CO ₂环化成环氧化物，由于其100％的原子经济性质，可以高产率和高选择性地生产环状碳酸酯或聚碳酸酯，因此引起了极大的兴趣。在研究用于将CO ₂环加成成环状碳酸酯的各种催化剂中，多孔金属有机骨架（MOF）由于具有模块化性质，因而有助于引入高密度的路易斯酸（LA）和CO ₂而引起了特别的兴趣。亲爱的Lewis基本（LB）功能。但是，大多数基于MOF的催化剂都报告了CO _2的环加成反应高产率地制备相应的环状碳酸酯需要额外的助催化剂，例如四正丁基溴化铵（TBAB）。相反，使用由LA和LB位置组成的合理设计的MOF进行的无助催化剂的CO ₂转化研究相对较少。在这篇综述中，我们全面介绍了基于MOF的催化剂设计的研究进展，该催化剂用于将CO ₂环保，无助催化剂固定到环状碳酸酯中。