Degree of memory impairment is often used to infer early versus late amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Previously, 318 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative participants with aMCI-determined by a single memory test-were divided based on Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (AVLT) delayed recall: AVLT-impaired (n = 225) and AVLT-normal (n = 93). Equally consistent with differential progression or differential diagnosis, the AVLT-impaired group had more abnormal Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, more neurodegeneration over time, and was more likely to develop AD. In the present study, higher AD polygenic risk scores were associated with increased odds of being AVLT-impaired (odds ratio 1.8, p < 0.001). Thus, impairment severity does not necessarily reflect early versus late aMCI because disease progression cannot alter polygenic risk. Presumed early MCI is likely a heterogeneous category that includes excess false-positives. The additional cognitive test improved diagnostic precision by reducing false positives. Impairment severity may reflect differences in underlying disease risk but cannot be used to infer early versus late MCI based on cross-sectional data alone.

中文翻译：

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认知障碍程度并不代表早期与晚期 MCI：基于阿尔茨海默病多基因风险的确认

记忆障碍的程度通常用于推断早期与晚期遗忘性轻度认知障碍 (aMCI)。此前，318 名患有 aMCI（由单一记忆测试确定）的阿尔茨海默病神经影像计划参与者根据 Rey 听觉言语学习任务 (AVLT) 延迟回忆被分为：AVLT 受损 (n = 225) 和 AVLT 正常 (n = 93) 。同样与差异进展或鉴别诊断一致的是，AVLT 受损组有更多异常的阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 生物标志物，随着时间的推移，神经退行性变更多，并且更有可能患上 AD。在本研究中，较高的 AD 多基因风险评分与 AVLT 受损的几率增加相关（优势比 1.8，p < 0.001）。因此，损伤严重程度并不一定反映早期与晚期 aMCI，因为疾病进展不能改变多基因风险。推测的早期 MCI 可能是一个异质类别，其中包括过多的误报。额外的认知测试通过减少误报提高了诊断精度。损伤严重程度可能反映了潜在疾病风险的差异，但不能仅根据横截面数据来推断早期与晚期 MCI。