Systemic lupus erythematosus is a systemic autoimmune disease driven by a complex combination of genetic, environmental, and other immunoregulatory factors. The development of targeted therapies is complicated by heterogeneous clinical manifestations, varying organ involvement, and toxicity. Despite advances in understanding the mechanisms contributing to SLE, only one biologic drug, belimumab, is FDA-approved. The identification and development of potential therapies have largely been driven by studies in lupus animal models. Therefore, direct comparison of both the therapeutic and immunological findings in human and murine SLE studies is critical and can reveal important insights into indeed how useful and relevant are murine studies in SLE drug development. Studies involving belimumab, mycophenolate mofetil, abatacept, rituximab, and anti-interferon strategies generally demonstrated analogous findings in the attenuation of SLE manifestations and modulation of select immune cell populations in human and murine SLE. While further basic and translational studies are needed to identify SLE patient subsets likely to respond to particular therapeutic modalities and in dissecting complex mechanisms, we believe that despite some inherent weaknesses SLE mouse models will continue to be integral in developing targeted SLE therapies.

系统性红斑狼疮是一种全身性自身免疫性疾病，由遗传、环境和其他免疫调节因素的复杂组合驱动。靶向治疗的开发因临床表现的异质性、器官受累程度和毒性而变得复杂。尽管在了解导致 SLE 的机制方面取得了进展，但只有一种生物药物 belimumab 获得 FDA 批准。潜在疗法的识别和开发主要是由狼疮动物模型的研究推动的。因此，直接比较人类和鼠类 SLE 研究中的治疗和免疫学发现是至关重要的，并且可以揭示重要的见解，了解鼠类研究在 SLE 药物开发中的有用性和相关性。涉及贝利木单抗、霉酚酸酯、阿巴西普、利妥昔单抗、和抗干扰素策略通常在人和鼠 SLE 中 SLE 表现的减弱和选择性免疫细胞群的调节方面表现出类似的发现。虽然需要进一步的基础和转化研究来确定可能对特定治疗方式有反应的 SLE 患者亚群并剖析复杂的机制，但我们相信，尽管存在一些固有的弱点，但 SLE 小鼠模型将继续成为开发靶向 SLE 疗法不可或缺的一部分。