Abstract Silicon is regarded as one of the most promising anode materials for high performance lithium-ion battery (LIB) due to its high theoretical specific capacity. However, the low electrical conductivity and the severe volume change during charging and discharging process result in poor cyclic performance. In this study, a low cost, high-purity silicon powder from the sawing waste in photovoltaic industry was used as the active material. Pitch from petroleum residue was used as carbon source to provide a good conductive pathway and prevent the drastic volume changes of Si. The pitch-based silicon-carbon composites with a porous structure were fabricated by electrospraying technique followed by a sequence of thermal processes. The results of the charge/discharge showed that the 100th charge capacity of 1515 mAh/g at 0.2 C with the retention of 73.95% while the 200th charge capacity of 929 mAh/g at 0.5 C with the retention of 70.61% (Pitch-Si-0.5) can be obtained. On the other hand, the sample with medium content of Si showed charge capacity of 522 mAh/g at 0.5 C with the extremely high retention of 94.99% after 200 cycles. The rate capability indicated that the soft carbon derived from pitch provided a good rate capability because of its amorphous structure. We demonstrated that industrial wastes can form a superior anode material for LIB application.

中文翻译：

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电喷涂技术制备的沥青基硅碳复合材料作为锂离子电池负极材料

摘要 硅因其较高的理论比容量而被认为是最有前途的高性能锂离子电池（LIB）负极材料之一。然而，低导电率和充放电过程中剧烈的体积变化导致循环性能差。在这项研究中，来自光伏行业锯切废料的低成本、高纯度硅粉被用作活性材料。石油渣油沥青作为碳源，提供了良好的导电通路，防止了硅的剧烈体积变化。具有多孔结构的沥青基硅碳复合材料是通过电喷雾技术和一系列热处理制造的。充放电结果表明，0.00 时第 100 次充电容量为 1515 mAh/g。2 C 的保留率为 73.95%，而在 0.5 C 下的第 200 次充电容量为 929 mAh/g，保留率为 70.61% (Pitch-Si-0.5)。另一方面，中等硅含量的样品在 0.5 C 下的充电容量为 522 mAh/g，200 次循环后保持率高达 94.99%。倍率性能表明，源自沥青的软碳由于其无定形结构提供了良好的倍率性能。我们证明了工业废物可以形成用于 LIB 应用的优良负极材料。倍率性能表明，源自沥青的软碳由于其无定形结构而提供了良好的倍率性能。我们证明了工业废物可以形成用于 LIB 应用的优良负极材料。倍率性能表明，源自沥青的软碳由于其无定形结构而提供了良好的倍率性能。我们证明了工业废物可以形成用于 LIB 应用的优良负极材料。