当前位置: X-MOL 学术Comput. Secur. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
A Unified Analytical Model for Proof-of-X Schemes
Computers & Security ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cose.2020.101934
Guangsheng Yu , Xuan Zha , Xu Wang , Wei Ni , Kan Yu , J. Andrew Zhang , Ren Ping Liu

Abstract Nakamoto protocol, practically solving the Byzantine Generals Problem, can support a variety of proof-based consensus engines, referred to as Proof-of-X (PoX) in permissionless Blockchains. However, there has been to date in lack of a general approach for each miner to evaluate its steady-state profit against the competitors. This paper presents a Markov model which captures explicitly the weighted resource distribution of PoX schemes in large-scale networks and unifies the analysis of different PoX schemes. The new model leads to the development of three new unified metrics for the evaluation, namely, Resource Sensitivity, System Convergence, and Resource Fairness, accounting for security, stability, and fairness, respectively. The generality and applicability of our model are validated by simulation results, revealing that among typically non-Fairness-oriented PoX schemes (such as Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Stake (PoS)), the strongly restricted coinage-based PoS with a Pareto-distributed resource can offer the best performance on Resource Sensitivity, while Proof-of-Publication (PoP) with normal-distributed resource performs the best on System Convergence. Our simulations also reveal the important role of carefully designed Resource Fairness parameter in balancing Resource Sensitivity and System Convergence and improving the performance compared with other non-Fairness-oriented PoX schemes.

中文翻译:

X 证明方案的统一分析模型

摘要 Nakamoto 协议实际上解决了拜占庭将军问题,可以支持多种基于证明的共识引擎,在无需许可的区块链中称为 Proof-of-X (PoX)。然而,迄今为止,每个矿工都缺乏一种通用的方法来评估其与竞争对手的稳态利润。本文提出了一个马尔可夫模型,它明确地捕捉了大规模网络中 PoX 方案的加权资源分布,并统一了对不同 PoX 方案的分析。新模型导致开发了三个新的统一评估指标,即资源敏感性、系统收敛性和资源公平性,分别考虑安全性、稳定性和公平性。仿真结果验证了我们模型的通用性和适用性,揭示了在典型的非公平导向 PoX 方案(例如工作量证明 (PoW) 和权益证明 (PoS))中,具有帕累托分布资源的严格限制的基于硬币的 PoS 可以提供最好的在资源敏感性方面的表现,而具有正态分布资源的发布证明 (PoP) 在系统收敛方面表现最好。我们的模拟还揭示了与其他非面向公平性的 PoX 方案相比,精心设计的资源公平性参数在平衡资源敏感性和系统收敛性以及提高性能方面的重要作用。而具有正态分布资源的发布证明(PoP)在系统收敛上表现最好。与其他非面向公平性的 PoX 方案相比,我们的模拟还揭示了精心设计的资源公平性参数在平衡资源敏感性和系统收敛性以及提高性能方面的重要作用。而具有正态分布资源的发布证明(PoP)在系统收敛上表现最好。与其他非面向公平性的 PoX 方案相比,我们的模拟还揭示了精心设计的资源公平性参数在平衡资源敏感性和系统收敛性以及提高性能方面的重要作用。
更新日期:2020-09-01
down
wechat
bug