Background Migraine, although, is a prevalent disease; its pathogenesis is complex and still not fully elucidated. The effect of vitamin D on various neurological disorders is thought to be exerted either directly via its specific receptors or through the related minerals. We investigated the possible relationship between vitamin D level and its related minerals (calcium and magnesium) and migraine characteristics in patients. Subjects and methods Thirty healthy individuals and 60 age- and sex-matched migraineurs (22 chronic and 38 episodic migraineurs), diagnosed according to the International Headache Society criteria (ICHD-III), were recruited. After obtaining basic data, a visual analogue scale (VAS) for the severity of migraine pain was assessed. Migraine severity questionnaire (MIGSEV) and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire were given and illustrated to the participants. Blood samples were obtained, and serum concentrations of vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium were determined. Results Migraine patients had significantly lower level of serum vitamin D and magnesium than healthy subjects with ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.04), respectively. However, the difference between the serum calcium levels of the patient and the control group was not statistically significant. Moreover, vitamin D and magnesium had a significant negative correlation with frequency, duration, severity, and disability in migraine. Conclusion Vitamin D and magnesium were significantly deficient in migraine patients and were related to the severity and disability of migraine attacks. Low vitamin D and magnesium levels were associated with more frequency and longer duration of migraine attacks.

中文翻译：

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阐明埃及偏头痛患者血清中维生素 D、钙和镁的水平：病例对照研究

背景 偏头痛虽然是一种流行病。其发病机制复杂，至今尚未完全阐明。维生素 D 对各种神经系统疾病的影响被认为是直接通过其特定受体或通过相关矿物质发挥的。我们调查了患者的维生素 D 水平及其相关矿物质（钙和镁）与偏头痛特征之间的可能关系。受试者和方法 招募了 30 名健康个体和 60 名年龄和性别匹配的偏头痛患者（22 名慢性偏头痛患者和 38 名偶发性偏头痛患者），根据国际头痛协会标准 (ICHD-III) 进行诊断。获得基本数据后，评估偏头痛严重程度的视觉模拟量表（VAS）。向参与者提供并说明了偏头痛严重程度问卷 (MIGSEV) 和偏头痛残疾评估 (MIDAS) 问卷。获取血液样本，并测定维生素 D、钙和镁的血清浓度。结果 偏头痛患者的血清维生素 D 和镁水平显着低于健康受试者（ P < 0.001 和 P = 0.04）。但患者与对照组血清钙水平差异无统计学意义。此外，维生素 D 和镁与偏头痛的频率、持续时间、严重程度和残疾呈显着负相关。结论 偏头痛患者明显缺乏维生素D和镁，并与偏头痛发作的严重程度和致残程度有关。