KR-12 was derived from the human antimicrobial peptide, LL-37. KR-12 maintains the antimicrobial activity of LL-37 and has low toxicity against human cells, thereby showing a high potential for various applications. In this study, the three-dimensional structure of KR-12 analog (KR-12-pa) was determined by solution NMR spectroscopy. The NMR structure of KR-12-pa revealed a nearly perfect amphipathic α-helical structure composed of multiple hydrophobic and positively charged residues. The minimal inhibitory concentration of KR-12-pa for various bacterial and yeast cells suggested that KR-12-pa has a much stronger antimicrobial activity than commercial cosmetic preservatives. In addition, KR-12-pa in cosmetic formulations showed much stronger bactericidal effects than conventional cosmetic preservatives and very low cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. These results suggest that KR-12-pa is applicable as a cosmetic preservative.

中文翻译：

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源自人类 LL-37 的 KR-12 类似物作为潜在化妆品防腐剂的 NMR 结构和杀菌活性

KR-12 源自人类抗菌肽 LL-37。KR-12 保持了 LL-37 的抗菌活性，对人体细胞毒性低，因此在各种应用中显示出很高的潜力。在这项研究中，KR-12 类似物 (KR-12-pa) 的三维结构是通过溶液核磁共振光谱确定的。KR-12-pa 的 NMR 结构揭示了一个近乎完美的两亲性 α-螺旋结构，由多个疏水性和带正电荷的残基组成。KR-12-pa 对各种细菌和酵母细胞的最低抑菌浓度表明，KR-12-pa 具有比商业化妆品防腐剂强得多的抗菌活性。此外，化妆品配方中的 KR-12-pa 显示出比传统化妆品防腐剂强得多的杀菌效果，并且对哺乳动物细胞的细胞毒性非常低。