The growth of the elderly population has led to an increase in patients with myocardial infarction and stroke (Wajngarten and Silva, Eur Cardiol 14: 111–115, 2019). Patients receiving treatment for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) highly profit from early reperfusion therapy under 3 h from the onset of symptoms. However, mortality from STEMI remains high due to the increase in age and comorbidities (Menees et al., N Engl J Med 369: 901–909, 2013). These factors also account for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Reperfusion therapy has been established as the gold standard within the first 4 to 5 h after onset of symptoms (Powers et al., Stroke 49: e46-e110, 2018). Nonetheless, not all patients are eligible for reperfusion therapy. The same is true for traumatic brain injury patients. Due to the complexity of acute myocardial and central nervous injury (CNS), finding organ protective substances to improve the function of remote myocardium and the ischaemic penumbra of the brain is urgent. This narrative review focuses on the noble gases argon and xenon and their possible cardiac, renal and neuroprotectant properties in the elderly high-risk (surgical) population. The article will provide an overview of the latest experimental and clinical studies. It is beyond the scope of this review to give a detailed summary of the mechanistic understanding of organ protection by xenon and argon.

中文翻译：

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氙气和氩气的有机保护特性的更新：从工作台到旁边

老年人口的增长导致心肌梗塞和中风患者的增加（Wajngarten 和 Silva，Eur Cardiol 14：111-115，2019）。接受 ST 段抬高型心肌梗死 (STEMI) 治疗的患者从症状出现后 3 小时内的早期再灌注治疗中获益匪浅。然而，由于年龄和合并症的增加，STEMI 的死亡率仍然很高（Menees 等，N Engl J Med 369: 901–909, 2013）。这些因素也是急性缺血性卒中患者的原因。在症状出现后的前 4 至 5 小时内，再灌注治疗已被确立为金标准（Powers 等，Stroke 49: e46-e110, 2018）。尽管如此，并非所有患者都适合再灌注治疗。创伤性脑损伤患者也是如此。由于急性心肌和中枢神经损伤（CNS）的复杂性，迫切需要寻找器官保护物质来改善远端心肌和脑缺血半暗带的功能。这篇叙述性评论的重点是惰性气体氩气和氙气，以及它们在老年高危（外科）人群中可能具有的心脏、肾脏和神经保护特性。本文将概述最新的实验和临床研究。对氙气和氩气保护器官的机制理解进行详细总结超出了本综述的范围。这篇叙述性评论的重点是惰性气体氩气和氙气，以及它们在老年高危（外科）人群中可能具有的心脏、肾脏和神经保护特性。本文将概述最新的实验和临床研究。对氙气和氩气保护器官的机制理解进行详细总结超出了本综述的范围。这篇叙述性评论的重点是惰性气体氩气和氙气，以及它们在老年高危（外科）人群中可能具有的心脏、肾脏和神经保护特性。本文将概述最新的实验和临床研究。对氙气和氩气保护器官的机制理解进行详细总结超出了本综述的范围。