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Effects of frequent fire and mowing on resprouting shrubs of Florida scrub, USA
Fire Ecology ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-16 , DOI: 10.1186/s42408-020-0069-1
Eric S. Menges , Stacy A. Smith , Jose M. Olano , Jennifer L. Schafer , Gretel Clarke , Kevin Main

Resprouting is an effective strategy for persistence of perennial plants after disturbances such as fire. However, can disturbances be so frequent that they limit resprouting? We examined the effects of fire and mowing frequency on eight species of resprouting shrubs in Florida scrub, USA, using a factorial field experiment. We burned or mowed plots at four disturbance return intervals (DRI): either annually, biennially, every three years, or once in six years (with all plots being treated in the sixth year to control for time since disturbance). We analyzed plant growth responses (height, aboveground biomass, number of stems) based on sampling pre treatment, and six months, one year, two years, and four years post-treatment. We also measured non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and soil properties to evaluate these factors as potential drivers of resprouting responses. Fire temperatures were hot (mean maxima 414 to 698 °C among burn days), typical of larger fires in Florida scrub. Plant biomass and heights were affected by DRI (being suppressed by frequent disturbance, especially initially) and varied among species with palmettos recovering biomass faster, and species within the same genus generally showing similar responses. Biomass recovery in mown versus burned treatments showed comparable effects of DRI and similar trajectories over time. Numbers of stems were affected by DRI, disturbance type, and species, and increased after disturbances, especially with less frequent disturbances and mowing, and subsequently declined over time. NSC concentrations varied among species and over time and were positively related to biomass. One year post disturbance, soil moisture and organic matter content were higher in mown plots, while pH was higher in burned plots. Given the slightly lower elevation of the mown plots, we interpreted these differences as site effects. Soil properties were not affected by DRI and did not affect biomass responses. Although very frequent disturbances reduced shrub growth responses, the magnitude of plant responses was modest and the effects temporary. Because resprouting shrubs in Florida scrub appear resilient to a range of disturbance return intervals, frequent fire or mowing can be used effectively in restorations.

中文翻译:

频繁生火和割草对美国佛罗里达灌木丛重生灌木的影响

重新发芽是一种有效的策略,可以在火灾等干扰后持久保存多年生植物。但是,干扰是否会如此频繁以至于限制重新发芽?我们使用阶乘实地试验,研究了火和割草频率对美国佛罗里达灌丛中8种重生灌木的影响。我们以四个干扰返回间隔(DRI)烧毁或修剪了地块:每年,每两年,每三年或每六年一次(所有地块都在第六年进行处理,以控制干扰发生后的时间)。我们根据采样前处理以及处理后六个月,一年,两年和四年的时间分析了植物的生长响应(高度,地上生物量,茎数)。我们还测量了非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)和土壤性质,以评估这些因素作为潜在发芽反应的驱动因素。火灾温度很热(燃烧天平均最高温度为414至698°C),这是佛罗里达灌木丛中较大火灾的典型特征。植物生物量和高度受到DRI的影响(被频繁的干扰抑制,尤其是在最初受到干扰),并且在不同物种之间有所不同,其中棕榈恢复更快的生物量,同一属内的物种通常表现出相似的响应。割草处理与焚烧处理相比,生物质的回收率随时间变化具有可比的DRI和相似轨迹。茎的数量受DRI,​​干扰类型和种类的影响,并且在干扰后增加,尤其是干扰和割草的频率降低后,随时间的推移而减少。NSC浓度随物种和时间的变化而变化,并且与生物量呈正相关。扰动后一年,割地的土壤水分和有机质含量较高,而被烧土地的pH较高。鉴于割下地块的海拔略低,我们将这些差异解释为场地效应。土壤特性不受DRI的影响,也不影响生物量的响应。尽管非常频繁的干扰降低了灌木的生长响应,但植物响应的幅度却适中,其影响是暂时的。由于佛罗里达灌木丛中的重生灌木丛对一定范围的干扰返回间隔具有弹性,因此频繁的火灾或割草可以有效地用于修复体中。耕地土壤水分和有机质含量较高,而烧区土壤pH较高。鉴于割下地块的海拔略低,我们将这些差异解释为场地效应。土壤特性不受DRI的影响,也不影响生物量的响应。尽管非常频繁的干扰降低了灌木的生长响应,但植物响应的幅度却适中,其影响是暂时的。由于佛罗里达灌木丛中的重生灌木丛对一定范围的干扰返回间隔具有弹性,因此频繁的火灾或割草可有效地用于修复体中。耕地土壤水分和有机质含量较高,而烧区土壤pH较高。鉴于割下地块的海拔略低,我们将这些差异解释为场地效应。土壤特性不受DRI的影响,也不影响生物量的响应。尽管非常频繁的干扰降低了灌木的生长响应,但植物响应的幅度却适中,其影响是暂时的。由于佛罗里达灌木丛中的重生灌木丛对一定范围的干扰返回间隔具有弹性,因此频繁的火灾或割草可有效地用于修复体中。尽管非常频繁的干扰降低了灌木的生长响应,但植物响应的幅度却适中,其影响是暂时的。由于佛罗里达灌木丛中的重生灌木丛对一定范围的干扰返回间隔具有弹性,因此频繁的火灾或割草可有效地用于修复体中。尽管非常频繁的干扰降低了灌木的生长响应,但植物响应的幅度却适中,其影响是暂时的。由于佛罗里达灌木丛中的重生灌木丛对一定范围的干扰返回间隔具有弹性,因此频繁的火灾或割草可以有效地用于修复体中。
更新日期:2020-03-16
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