Cardiopulmonary health and its relationship with diabetes mellitus are very important but particularly underexplored in young undergraduate students of private Universities in Nigeria. This observational study investigated the effect of diabetic risk on cardiopulmonary health indices among healthy, consenting undergraduate students of a private university in Nigeria by a convenient sampling method. Cardiopulmonary health indices were assessed by anthropometry; cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by maximum oxygen uptake levels (VO2 max), blood pressure and heart rates were measured using the Bruce treadmill protocol; oxygen saturation was determined by pulse oximetry, pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry; diabetes mellitus was risk determined by fasting blood glucose levels and the FINDRISC (Finish Diabetes Risk Score questionnaire which is a validated tool, for determining Diabetes risk; heart health awareness was determined by a modification of the healthy heart questionnaire (HHQ-GP-1) which is a standardized tool for heart health awareness and practices. Results showed that the prevalence of diabetes risk was 38.8% in the sample population. The healthy heart questionnaire revealed that participants had poor diet (76%) or did little or no exercise (60%) and were also ignorant of what a normal blood pressure should be (72%). There was no significant difference between blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and heart rates after physical exercise of those at diabetes risk and those not at risk (p > 0.05). Fasting blood glucose levels between those at diabetes risk and those not at risk was significantly different (p < 0.01). The cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max) of those not at diabetic risk was not significantly higher than of those at risk (p > 0.385). Respiratory functions (vital capacity, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume) of those not at diabetic risk were higher than those at risk, showing that diabetes may impair lung function. Though this was not statistically significant (p > 0.05), the result obtained cannot be disregarded. Universities and higher institutions of learning should incorporate regular health promotion and education programs that focus more on healthy lifestyles, physical exercise, and proper diet.

中文翻译：

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尼日利亚一所私立大学本科生心肺健康指数和糖尿病风险评分

心肺健康及其与糖尿病的关系非常重要，但在尼日利亚私立大学的年轻本科生中尤其缺乏探索。这项观察性研究通过方便的抽样方法调查了糖尿病风险对尼日利亚一所私立大学健康且自愿的本科生心肺健康指数的影响。通过人体测量学评估心肺健康指数；心肺健康由最大摄氧量水平 (VO2 max) 确定，血压和心率使用布鲁斯跑步机协议进行测量；氧饱和度由脉搏血氧仪测定，肺功能由肺活量测定法评估；有糖尿病风险的人和没有风险的人之间的空腹血糖水平有显着差异（p < 0.01）。没有糖尿病风险的人的心肺健康（VO2 max）并不显着高于有风险的人（p > 0.385）。非糖尿病风险者的呼吸功能（肺活量、用力肺活量和用力呼气量）高于风险者，表明糖尿病可能损害肺功能。虽然这在统计上并不显着（p > 0.05），但不能忽视所获得的结果。大学和高等院校应纳入定期的健康促进和教育计划，更注重健康的生活方式、体育锻炼和适当的饮食。没有糖尿病风险的人的心肺健康（VO2 max）并不显着高于有风险的人（p > 0.385）。非糖尿病风险者的呼吸功能（肺活量、用力肺活量和用力呼气量）高于风险者，表明糖尿病可能损害肺功能。虽然这在统计上并不显着（p > 0.05），但不能忽视所获得的结果。大学和高等院校应纳入定期的健康促进和教育计划，更注重健康的生活方式、体育锻炼和适当的饮食。没有糖尿病风险的人的心肺健康（VO2 max）并不显着高于有风险的人（p > 0.385）。非糖尿病风险者的呼吸功能（肺活量、用力肺活量和用力呼气量）高于风险者，表明糖尿病可能损害肺功能。虽然这在统计上并不显着（p > 0.05），但不能忽视所获得的结果。大学和高等院校应纳入定期的健康促进和教育计划，更注重健康的生活方式、体育锻炼和适当的饮食。和用力呼气量）的无糖尿病风险的人高于有风险的人，表明糖尿病可能损害肺功能。虽然这在统计上并不显着（p > 0.05），但不能忽视所获得的结果。大学和高等院校应纳入定期的健康促进和教育计划，更注重健康的生活方式、体育锻炼和适当的饮食。和用力呼气量）的无糖尿病风险的人高于有风险的人，表明糖尿病可能损害肺功能。虽然这在统计上并不显着（p > 0.05），但不能忽视所获得的结果。大学和高等院校应纳入定期的健康促进和教育计划，更注重健康的生活方式、体育锻炼和适当的饮食。