Herbicides used in sugarbeet are commonly adapted from other row crops and may cause injury and yield loss often associated with environmental and edaphic factors. Glyphosate-resistant waterhemp in sugarbeet requires a PRE herbicide, such as S-metolachlor, for its control. The objectives of this research were to evaluate sugarbeet tolerance to PRE S-metolachlor, including air temperature and soil water content interactions with soil series in field and growth chamber experiments. Results from field experiments conducted in 12 environments in 2015, 2016, and 2017 indicated 2.16 or 4.32 kg ai ha−1S-metolachlor applied PRE reduced sugarbeet density and stature but did not reduce root yield, sucrose content, or recoverable sucrose compared with the untreated control in environments with soils with less than 3.5% organic matter (OM) and receiving greater than 40-mm cumulative rainfall within 14 d after planting. In the growth chamber, sugarbeet density and shoot fresh weight following S-metolachlor application was influenced by soil moisture content, air temperature, and soil series but not by S-metolachlor rate. Sugarbeet density and shoot fresh weight were reduced 15% and 106%, respectively, when S-metolachlor was applied to a Glyndon sandy loam (2.6% OM, 9.5% clay) at 100% field capacity (FC) and 14 C compared with S-metolachlor application to a Fargo silty clay (7.7% OM and 54% clay) at 100% FC and 21 C. It is concluded that field selection, rather than herbicide rate, is an important criterion for managing sugarbeet tolerance with S-metolachlor.

中文翻译：

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环境影响甜菜对 S-异丙甲草胺的耐受性

甜菜中使用的除草剂通常改编自其他行作物，可能会导致伤害和产量损失，这通常与环境和土壤因素有关。甜菜中抗草甘膦的水麻需要 PRE 除草剂，例如小号-异丙甲草胺，用于控制。本研究的目的是评估甜菜对 PRE 的耐受性小号-异丙甲草胺，包括气温和土壤含水量与田间和生长室实验中土壤系列的相互作用。2015 年、2016 年和 2017 年在 12 个环境中进行的田间试验结果表明，2.16 或 4.32 千克 ai ha-1小号- 在有机质 (OM) 低于 3.5% 且累积降雨量大于 40 毫米的环境中，与未处理的对照相比，施用 PRE 降低了甜菜的密度和高度，但不降低根产量、蔗糖含量或可回收蔗糖种植后14 d内。在生长室中，甜菜密度和枝条鲜重如下小号-异丙甲草胺的施用受土壤水分含量、气温和土壤系列的影响，但不受小号-异丙甲草胺率。甜菜密度和枝条鲜重分别减少 15% 和 106%，当小号-异丙甲草胺在 100% 田间持水量 (FC) 和 14 C 条件下施用于 Glyndon 砂质壤土（2.6% OM，9.5% 粘土），与小号-异丙甲草胺在 100% FC 和 21 C 条件下施用于 Fargo 粉质粘土（7.7% OM 和 54% 粘土）。结论是田间选择而不是除草剂用量是管理甜菜耐受性的重要标准小号-异丙甲草胺。