Florida strawberry growers apply the nonselective herbicide paraquat for crop termination. Alternative herbicides are desirable because of recent label restrictions on paraquat use and the occurrence of three paraquat-resistant weed species found in strawberry fields. Field experiments were conducted at the Gulf Coast Research and Education Center at Balm, FL, to compare the efficacy of diquat, paraquat, and glufosinate and determine the optimal rate for strawberry termination. Peak control occurred at 14 d after treatment and strawberry foliage desiccation increased as herbicide rate increased. The highest rate of diquat (2,240 g ai ha−1) and paraquat (2240 g ai ha−1) provided 59% and 79% strawberry control, respectively, and 39% and 77% strawberry foliage desiccation, respectively. The highest rate of glufosinate (2,624 g ai ha−1) provided 82% and 84% strawberry control and desiccation, respectively. Regression analysis determined the rates required to provide 50% strawberry control measured 1,100, 650, and 550 g ha−1 for diquat, paraquat, and glufosinate, respectively, whereas the rates required to provide 80% strawberry control were greater than 2,240 g ha−1 for the first two herbicides and 2,020 g ha−1 for glufosinate. Herbicide rates required to provide 50% strawberry foliage desiccation measured 480, 550, and 330 g ha−1 for diquat, paraquat, and glufosinate, respectively, whereas the rates required to provide 80% strawberry foliage desiccation were greater than 2,240 g ha−1 for the first two herbicides and 1150 g ha−1 for glufosinate. Overall, these results indicate glufosinate is the most effective herbicide for strawberry termination, whereas diquat is the least effective herbicide.

中文翻译：

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草莓除草剂非选择性除草剂的评价

佛罗里达州的草莓种植者使用非选择性除草剂百草枯来终止作物。由于最近对百草枯使用的标签限制以及在草莓田中发现的三种抗百草枯杂草物种的出现，替代性除草剂是可取的。在佛罗里达州 Balm 的墨西哥湾沿岸研究和教育中心进行了田间试验，以比较敌草快、百草枯和草铵膦的功效，并确定草莓终止的最佳速率。处理后14 d达到控制高峰，随着除草剂用量的增加，草莓叶片的干燥程度增加。敌草快的最高比率（2,240 g ai ha-1) 和百草枯 (2240 g ai ha-1) 分别提供 59% 和 79% 的草莓控制，分别提供 39% 和 77% 的草莓叶子干燥。草铵膦的最高比率（2,624 g ai ha-1) 分别提供 82% 和 84% 的草莓控制和干燥。回归分析确定了在 1,100、650 和 550 g ha 测量的 50% 草莓控制所需的比率-1分别用于敌草快、百草枯和草铵膦，而提供 80% 草莓控制所需的比率大于 2,240 g ha-1前两种除草剂和 2,020 g ha-1为草铵膦。为 480、550 和 330 g ha 测量提供 50% 草莓叶子干燥所需的除草剂用量-1分别用于敌草快、百草枯和草铵膦，而提供 80% 草莓叶子干燥所需的速率大于 2,240 g ha-1前两种除草剂和 1150 g ha-1为草铵膦。总体而言，这些结果表明草铵膦是最有效的草莓终止除草剂，而敌草快是最不有效的除草剂。