The number of active and non active satellites in Earth orbit has dramatically increased in recent decades, requiring the development of novel surveillance techniques to monitor and track them. In this paper, we build upon previous non-coherent passive radar space surveillance demonstrations undertaken using the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA). We develop the concept of the Dynamic Signal to Noise Ratio Spectrum (DSNRS) in order to isolate signals of interest (reflections of FM transmissions of objects in orbit) and efficiently differentiate them from direct path reception events. We detect and track Alouette-2, ALOS, UKube-1, the International Space Station, and Duchifat-1 in this manner. We also identified out-of-band transmissions from Duchifat-1 and UKube-1 using these techniques, demonstrating the MWA’s capability to look for spurious transmissions from satellites. We identify an offset from the locations predicted by the cataloged orbital parameters for some of the satellites, demonstrating the potential of using MWA for satellite catalog maintenance. These results demonstrate the capability of the MWA for Space Situational Awareness and we describe future work in this area.

中文翻译：

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利用默奇森宽场阵列开发用于空间态势感知的非相干无源雷达技术

近几十年来，地球轨道上的活动和非活动卫星的数量急剧增加，需要开发新的监视技术来监视和跟踪它们。在本文中，我们建立在先前使用默奇森宽场阵列 (MWA) 进行的非相干无源雷达空间监视演示的基础上。我们开发了动态信噪比频谱 (DSNRS) 的概念，以隔离感兴趣的信号（轨道上物体的 FM 传输的反射）并有效地将它们与直接路径接收事件区分开来。我们以这种方式检测和跟踪 Alouette-2、ALOS、UKube-1、国际空间站和 Duchifat-1。我们还使用这些技术识别了来自 Duchifat-1 和 UKube-1 的带外传输，展示 MWA 寻找来自卫星的虚假传输的能力。我们确定了一些卫星编目轨道参数预测的位置的偏移量，展示了使用 MWA 进行卫星编目维护的潜力。这些结果证明了 MWA 在空间态势感知方面的能力，我们描述了该领域的未来工作。