In this short Research Reflection I address and refute the suggestion that oestrogens consumed in milk might contribute in a significant way to endogenous levels and thereby have a physiological action, possibly resulting in adverse consequences including increased breast cancer risk. Quantitative analysis based on published data shows that, even in worst case scenarios, oestrogen consumption in milk is considerably less than regulatory bodies regard as entirely safe.

中文翻译：

---

牛奶和乳腺癌中的雌激素：是否值得关注？

在这篇简短的研究反思中，我提出并反驳了牛奶中消耗的雌激素可能对内源性水平有显着贡献并因此产生生理作用，可能导致不良后果，包括增加乳腺癌风险的说法。基于已发布数据的定量分析表明，即使在最坏的情况下，牛奶中的雌激素消耗量也远低于监管机构认为完全安全的水平。