HClO/ClO⁻ is the most effective antibacterial active oxygen in neutrophils. However, its excessive existence often leads to the destruction of human physiological mechanisms. In recent years, the developed luminescent probes for the detection of HClO/ClO⁻ are not only conducive to improve the sensitivity and selectivity of HClO/ClO⁻ detection, but also play a crucial role in understanding the biological functions of HClO/ClO⁻. In addition, luminescent probe-based biological imaging for HClO/ClO⁻ at sub-cellular resolution has become a powerful tool for biopathology and medical diagnostic research. This article reviews a variety of luminescent probes for the detection of HClO/ClO⁻in vitro and in vivo with different design principles and mechanisms, including fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence. The photophysical/chemical properties and biological applications of these luminescent probes were outlined. Finally, we summarized the merits and demerits of the developed luminescent probes and discussed their challenges and future development trends. It is hoped that this review can provide some inspiration for the development of luminescent probe-based strategies and to promote the further research of biomedical luminescent probes for HClO/ClO⁻.

中文翻译：

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体外和体内次氯酸的发光探针。

高氯酸/ CLO ^-是嗜中性粒细胞的最有效的抗菌活性氧。但是，它的过度存在常常导致人类生理机制的破坏。近年来，发达发光探针检测次氯酸/ CLO的^-不仅有利于提高高氯酸/ CLO的灵敏度和选择性^-检测，但在了解高氯酸/ CLO的生物学功能也起到了至关重要的作用^- 。另外，发光探针为基础的高氯酸/ CLO生物成像^-在亚细胞分辨率已经成为biopathology和医疗诊断研究的有力工具。本文回顾了用于检测HClO / ClO的各种发光探针^-在体外和体内具有不同的设计原理和机制，包括荧光，磷光和化学发光。概述了这些发光探针的光物理/化学性质和生物学应用。最后，我们总结了已开发的发光探针的优缺点，并讨论了它们的挑战和未来的发展趋势。我们希望，这次审查可以提供一些灵感的基于荧光探针的发展战略，促进生物医药荧光探针的次氯酸/ CLO的进一步研究^- 。