Management of the sea is increasingly complex, riddled with uncertainty and necessitates involvement from researchers across disciplines and stakeholders from multiple policy and practice sectors. This article discusses “The Cooperative Participatory Evaluation of Renewable Technologies on Ecosystem Services” (CORPORATES) research project, which developed an innovative and practical method of linking ecological processes, ecosystem services and benefits. The research was conducted in the context of licensing decisions for offshore wind farms in the North Sea (Scotland, UK).

A set of linked, modular participatory processes were developed to foster cross-sector stakeholder engagement. It employed an exchange of ecological, legal, social, economic and cultural knowledge around marine ecosystem services. Workshop exercises included participatory mapping, benefit identification, and developing an understanding of linkages between ecosystem services, benefits, stakeholders’ activities and policy drivers through co-development of conceptual systems maps of the study area.

The participatory exercises fostered meaningful dialogue across sectors and an ability to participate equally, despite initial differences in knowledge about ecosystem services. The development of conceptual systems maps facilitated productive discussion about trade-offs in relation to different policies. Reflective discussion identifies ways in which the developed processes could be integrated into future decision making.

An assessment of the approach revealed that it operationalised a post normal science framework in terms of process oversight, multiple knowledge claims, and managing uncertainty. It developed a process that linked understanding of ecosystem functioning with the creation and implementation of policy thereby creating an ecosystem approach to marine spatial planning and licensing decisions, as required by law.

This approach has extensive transferability to situations where stakeholder engagement is required to develop policy and provide feedback as part of a decision-making process. It is an engagement, outreach tool for communities and can help teach methods and processes for stakeholder engagement which enable new insights.

海洋管理变得越来越复杂，充满了不确定性，需要跨学科的研究人员以及来自多个政策和实践部门的利益相关者的参与。本文讨论了“生态系统服务可再生技术的合作参与性评估”（CORPORATES）研究项目，该项目开发了一种将生态过程，生态系统服务和利益联系起来的创新且实用的方法。这项研究是根据北海（英国苏格兰）海上风电场的许可决定进行的。

开发了一套相互联系的，模块化的参与过程，以促进跨部门的利益相关者参与。它围绕海洋生态系统服务进行了生态，法律，社会，经济和文化知识的交流。讲习班的活动包括参与性测绘，利益识别，以及通过共同开发研究区域的概念系统图，发展对生态系统服务，利益，利益相关者的活动和政策驱动因素之间联系的理解。

尽管在生态系统服务方面的知识最初存在差异，但参与性活动促进了各部门之间有意义的对话和平等参与的能力。概念系统图的开发促进了关于不同政策之间的权衡的富有成效的讨论。反思性讨论确定了将已开发过程集成到未来决策中的方式。

对该方法的评估表明，该方法在过程监督，多项知识主张和不确定性管理方面实施了后普通科学框架。它制定了一个过程，将对生态系统功能的理解与政策的制定和执行联系起来，从而根据法律要求，为海洋空间规划和许可决策创建了生态系统方法。

这种方法具有广泛的可移植性，可用于需要利益相关者参与以制定政策并提供反馈作为决策过程一部分的情况。它是社区的一种参与，外展工具，可以帮助教授与利益相关者互动的方法和过程，从而带来新的见解。