Addictions are characterized by choices made to satisfy the addiction despite the risk it could produce an adverse consequence. Here, we developed a murine version of a ‘risky decision-making’ task (RDT), in which mice could respond on a touchscreen panel to obtain either a large milkshake reward associated with varying probability of footshock, or a smaller amount of the same reward that was never punished. Results showed that (the following font is incorrectly smaller/subscripted) mice shifted choice from the large to small reward stimulus as shock probability increased. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed more Fos-positive cells in prelimbic cortex (PL) and basal amygdala (BA) after RDT testing, and a strong anti-correlation between infralimbic cortex (IL) activity and choice of the large reward stimulus under likely (75–100 % probability) punishment. These findings establish an assay for risky choice in mice and provide preliminary insight into the underlying neural substrates.

成瘾的特点是为了满足成瘾而做出的选择，尽管有可能产生不利后果的风险。在这里，我们开发了一种“风险决策”任务 (RDT) 的鼠类版本，其中小鼠可以在触摸屏面板上做出响应，以获得与不同可能性的足震相关的大量奶昔奖励，或者较小数量的相同从未受到惩罚的奖励。结果表明（以下字体错误地变小/下标）随着电击概率的增加，小鼠将选择从大奖励刺激转移到小奖励刺激。免疫组织化学分析显示，在 RDT 测试后，前边缘皮层 (PL) 和基底杏仁核 (BA) 中有更多的 Fos 阳性细胞，边缘下皮层 (IL) 活动与可能（75-100% 概率）惩罚下的大奖励刺激的选择之间存在很强的反相关性。这些发现为小鼠的风险选择建立了一种检测方法，并提供了对潜在神经基质的初步了解。