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Threats to sustainable utilization of wetland resources in ZIMBABWE: a review
Wetlands Ecology and Management ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s11273-020-09732-1
Tatenda Musasa , Thomas Marambanyika

Wetlands are some of the most productive natural ecosystems in Zimbabwe as they provide a wide range of goods and services. The article examines spatial and temporal changes in wetland utilization patterns as well as threats to these fragile ecosystems and proffers suggestions to achieve sustainable use of wetlands. Literature on wetland use shows that cultivation (73%) and livestock grazing (36%) are the dominant wetland use activities in Zimbabwe. Combined with urban housing development, these land uses are the biggest contributors to wetland degradation and loss. About 57% and 27% of wetlands are in the moderately and severely degraded categories respectively. However, the effect of land uses, especially cultivation, on wetland ecology, is heterogeneous. Livestock grazing changes vegetation structure and composition and, ultimately, disturbs the wetland’s hydrology. Settlement establishment results in the disappearance of the wetland ecosystem. Considering that the two dominant land uses, cultivation and livestock grazing, are cornerstones of rural economies, there is need for further research to understand spatial variations on the impacts of similar land uses on different wetland types in different geographical settings. Therefore, further research should be done to understand the sustainability of human land uses on different wetland types, depending on their hydrogeomorphic characteristics, in order to continually promote sustainable development of the dependent societies.

中文翻译:

津巴布韦对湿地资源可持续利用的威胁:回顾

湿地是津巴布韦最富生产力的自然生态系统之一,因为它们提供各种商品和服务。本文探讨了湿地利用方式的时空变化以及对这些脆弱生态系统的威胁,并提出了实现湿地可持续利用的建议。关于湿地利用的文献表明,耕种(73%)和放牧牲畜(36%)是津巴布韦的主要湿地利用活动。结合城市住房开发,这些土地用途是造成湿地退化和丧失的最大因素。分别约有57%和27%的湿地属于中度和严重退化的类别。但是,土地利用,特别是耕作对湿地生态的影响是不同的。放牧会改变植被的结构和组成,最终会改变 扰乱了湿地的水文学。定居点的建立导致湿地生态系统的消失。考虑到耕种和放牧这两个主要的土地利用是农村经济的基石,有必要进行进一步的研究,以了解空间变化对相似土地利用对不同地理环境下不同湿地类型的影响的影响。因此,应进行进一步的研究,以了解不同湿地类型上人类土地利用的可持续性,这取决于它们的水文地理特征,以便不断促进附属社会的可持续发展。作为农村经济的基石,有必要进行进一步的研究以了解空间变化对不同土地背景下类似土地利用对不同湿地类型的影响的影响。因此,应进行进一步研究,以了解不同湿地类型上人类土地利用的可持续性,具体取决于其水文地貌特征,以便不断促进依赖社会的可持续发展。作为农村经济的基石,有必要进行进一步的研究以了解空间变化对不同土地背景下类似土地利用对不同湿地类型的影响的影响。因此,应进行进一步的研究,以了解不同湿地类型上人类土地利用的可持续性,这取决于它们的水文地理特征,以便不断促进附属社会的可持续发展。
更新日期:2020-06-09
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