The Alto Mayo region in the Peruvian department of San Martin has one of the highest levels of deforestation and fragmentation in the country. Historically, San Martin was home to at least 20 primate species, of which at least 14 persist in the Alto Mayo Valley. We surveyed primate populations in the “Jungla de Los Monos”, a locally protected remnant of a naturally diverse primate community in one of the last remaining mid-elevation (800 m a.s.l.) seasonally flooded forests in the region. We recorded seven primate species, with a further two species reported to have been extirpated from the area. By far the most common species was Saimiri macrodon . Half of the primate biomass was made up of a single species, Alouatta seniculus, with S. macrodon accounting for another quarter. The endemic Plecturocebus oenanthe was only detected once in forest interior, but was observed in edge and riverine forest, as well as neighboring fragments. The area holds a surprisingly high diversity and density of primates considering its proximity to population centers, thanks primarily to self-imposed hunting bans and logging control by local communities.

中文翻译：

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秘鲁 Jungla de Los Monos 社区保护区中海拔淹没森林中的高多样性灵长类动物社区

秘鲁圣马丁省的 Alto Mayo 地区是该国森林砍伐和破碎化程度最高的地区之一。从历史上看，圣马丁是至少 20 种灵长类动物的家园，其中至少有 14 种生活在上梅奥谷。我们调查了“Jungla de Los Monos”中的灵长类动物种群，这是该地区最后剩余的中海拔 (800 m asl) 季节性洪水森林之一的自然多样化灵长类动物群落的当地保护遗迹。我们记录了七种灵长类动物，据报道还有两种灵长类动物已从该地区灭绝。到目前为止，最常见的物种是赛米里巨齿鲨。灵长类动物生物量的一半由单一物种 Alouatta seniculus 组成，S. macrodon 占另外四分之一。地方性 Plecturocebus oenanthe 仅在森林内部检测到一次，但在边缘和河流森林以及邻近的碎片中观察到。考虑到靠近人口中心，该地区拥有惊人的高多样性和密度的灵长类动物，这主要归功于当地社区自行实施的狩猎禁令和伐木控制。