Congenital encephalocele is a very rare entity, with herniation of normal brain or gliotic tissue through a defect in the skull. The objective is to present a newborn child diagnosed with transethmoidal encephaloceles at birth. She developed respiratory problems, feeding difficulties, and failure to thrive since the first days of life and so required early surgery at her 33th day of life, through an endoscopic nasal approach. Technical difficulties encountered, complications, and management are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of endoscopic treatment of transethmoidal encephalocele in a newborn. Further studies are needed to understand the best way to repair the dural defect in this rare condition.

先天性脑膨出是一种非常罕见的实体，通过颅骨缺损使正常脑或神经胶质组织突出。目的是介绍在出生时被诊断为穿筛窦性脑膨出的新生婴儿。自生命的第一天起，她就出现了呼吸系统疾病，进食困难以及无法壮成长，因此需要在其生命的第33天通过内窥镜鼻腔手术进行早期手术。讨论了遇到的技术困难，复杂性和管理。据我们所知，这是首次对新生儿经筛窦性脑膨出进行内窥镜治疗的报道。需要进一步研究以了解在这种罕见情况下修复硬脑膜缺损的最佳方法。