Atmospheric moisture transport plays an important role in latent heat release and hydrologic interactions in the Arctic. In recent years, with the rapid decline in sea ice, this transport has changed. Here, we calculated the vertically integrated atmospheric moisture meridional transport (AMTv) from two global reanalysis datasets, from 1979–2015, and found moisture pathways into the central Arctic. Four stable pathways showed an occurrence frequency greater than 70%, and these pathways exhibited a perennial seasonal pattern in the atmosphere above the Laptev Sea Pathway (LSP), Canadian Arctic Archipelago Pathway (CAAP), both sides of the Greenland plateau. Another seasonal pathway appeared above the east of the Chukchi Sea (CSP) during the melting/freezing months (March to September). Through these pathways, AMTv contributed a total moisture exchange of 60%–80%—averaged over a 75°N circle—and focused on the low troposphere. Transports across the LSP, CSP and CAAP pathways likely create an enclosed moisture route. Meridional moisture fluxes are intensified in the Pacific sector of Arctic (PSA), especially during melting/freezing months. AMTv interannual variabilities are illustrated mainly in the Laptev Sea and the east Greenland pathway. Results indicate that accompanying a tendency for a stronger Beaufort Sea High in this sea level pressure field, AMTv through PSA pathways, switched from output to input, and approximately 960 km³ of equivalent liquid water was transferred into the central Arctic during each decade. The detrended AMTv increment is highly correlated with the rapid decline of old ice areas (correlation coefficient is −0.78) for their synchronous fluctuations in the 1980s and the last decade.

中文翻译：

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北极中部子午大气水分传输的途径

大气中的水分输送在北极的潜热释放和水文相互作用中起着重要作用。近年来，随着海冰的迅速减少，这种运输方式发生了变化。在这里，我们从1979年至2015年的两个全球再分析数据集中，计算了垂直积分的大气水分经向传输（AMTv），并发现了进入北极中心的水分路径。四个稳定途径的发生频率大于70％，并且这些途径在格陵兰高原两侧的拉普捷夫海通路（LSP），加拿大北极群岛通路（CAAP）上方的大气中表现出多年生的季节性模式。在融化/冻结月份（3月至9月），楚科奇海（CSP）的东部上方出现了另一个季节性路径。通过这些途径，AMTv贡献了75％N圈内平均60％–80％的总水分交换，并着重于对流层低层。跨LSP，CSP和CAAP路径的传输可能会创建封闭的水分路径。北极太平洋地区（PSA）的子午水分通量增加，尤其是在融化/冻结月份。AMTv年际变化主要在拉普捷夫海和格陵兰东部路径中得到说明。结果表明，伴随着在这一海平面压力场中更强的Beaufort Sea High趋势，AMTv通过PSA路径从输出切换为输入，大约为960 km 北极太平洋地区（PSA）的子午水分通量增加，尤其是在融化/冻结月份。AMTv年际变化主要在拉普捷夫海和格陵兰东部路径中得到说明。结果表明，伴随着在这一海平面压力场中更强的Beaufort Sea High趋势，AMTv通过PSA路径从输出切换为输入，大约为960 km 北极太平洋地区（PSA）的子午水分通量增加，尤其是在融化/冻结月份。AMTv年际变化主要在拉普捷夫海和格陵兰东部路径中得到说明。结果表明，伴随着在此海平面压力场中出现更强的Beaufort Sea High的趋势，AMTv通过PSA路径从输出切换为输入，大约960 km每十年将³个当量的液态水转移到北极中心。下降趋势的AMTv增量与1980年代及最近十年的同步波动引起的旧冰区的快速下降（相关系数为-0.78）高度相关。