The emergence of novel 2D materials has stimulated worldwide research enthusiasm in both fundamental research and applied technologies in the realm of optoelectronics. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview on the recent advancements of photoelectric devices based on non-layered 2D materials (NL2DMs), fascinating fresh blood of the 2D family. We begin with an elaboration of the common approaches to implement 2D geometry of non-layered materials, including van der Waals epitaxy, 2D template assisted topotactic conversion, the space-confined growth method, the self-limited growth method, and the hot-pressing method. Then, we present photodetectors built on NL2DMs by dividing them into pristine metal–semiconductor–metal photodetectors and heterojunction photodetectors (HJPDs). Next, we summarize novel NL2DM optoelectronic devices, including polarization-sensitive photodetectors and flexible photodetectors. After this, we introduce strategies toward improving the photosensitivity of NL2DM photodetectors based on device structure engineering. Subsequently, we describe photovoltaic devices based on NL2DMs. Finally, we highlight the key challenges facing further development in this rapidly progressing research field, along with proposed strategies addressing these issues.

中文翻译：

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面向高级光电器件的非分层2D材料：进展和前景

新型2D材料的出现激发了全世界在光电子学领域的基础研究和应用技术领域的研究热情。在这里，我们对基于非分层2D材料（NL2DM）的光电器件的最新进展进行了全面的概述，令人着迷的2D系列新鲜血液。我们首先详细介绍实现非分层材料的2D几何形状的常用方法，包括范德华外延，2D模板辅助的向势转换，空间受限的生长方法，自限生长方法和热压方法。然后，我们将基于NL2DM的光电探测器分为原始金属-半导体-金属光电探测器和异质结光电探测器（HJPD）。接下来，我们总结一下新颖的NL2DM光电器件，包括对偏振敏感的光电探测器和柔性光电探测器。在此之后，我们将基于设备结构工程介绍提高NL2DM光电探测器光敏性的策略。随后，我们描述了基于NL2DM的光伏器件。最后，我们重点介绍了在这个快速发展的研究领域中进一步发展所面临的主要挑战，以及针对这些问题的拟议策略。