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A rock-glacier – pond system (NW Italian Alps): Soil and sediment properties, geochemistry, and trace-metal bioavailability
Catena ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2020.104700
N. Colombo , C. Ferronato , L. Vittori Antisari , L. Marziali , F. Salerno , S. Fratianni , M.E. D'Amico , A. Ribolini , D. Godone , S. Sartini , L. Paro , U. Morra di Cella , M. Freppaz

Rock-glacier sediment transfer and ice melting can impact surface waters located downstream. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the influence of rock-glacier dynamics on the geochemical, hydrochemical, and ecological characteristics of adjacent impounded surface waters. In the Col d'Olen area (Long-Term Ecological Research site, NW Italian Alps), an intact rock glacier terminates into a pond and solute-enriched waters originating from the rock glacier flow into the pond through a subsurface hydrological window. In this study, we performed geophysical and ground surface temperature measurements. Moreover, we sampled soils and sediments in different compartments of the investigated rock-glacier - pond system and we further sampled benthic invertebrates in the pond. Cold ground thermal regime, ground-ice presence, and coarse debris cover on the rock glacier together with its lithology (serpentinites) influence the rock-glacier geochemistry and ecology with respect to surrounding areas. Pond geochemistry is affected by transfer of trace-metal-enriched fine-grained debris and meltwaters from the rock glacier. Enhanced bioavailability of serpentinite-associated trace metals was proved, with concentrations of Ni and Cr in benthic invertebrates up to 384 and 110 mg kg−1 d.w., respectively, potentially exerting toxic effects on pond biota. The advancing movement of the rock glacier not only has delivered sediments to the pond, but it has progressively filled the valley depression where the pond is located, creating a dam that could have modified the level of impounded water. This process likely constituted a sediment trap in which serpentinitic rock-glacier sediments could be deposited at the pond bottom, with related geochemical and ecological implications. This study illustrates the importance of rock glaciers in influencing the characteristics of downstream freshwater bodies and highlights the need to improve our knowledge about climate-change-related impacts of rock-glacier dynamics on alpine headwaters.



中文翻译:

冰川-池塘系统(意大利西北部的阿尔卑斯山):土壤和沉积物特性,地球化学和微量金属的生物利用度

冰川冰川的沉积物转移和冰融化会影响下游的地表水。但是,缺乏关于岩石冰川动力学对邻近的蓄水地表水的地球化学,水化学和生态特征的影响的知识。在Col d'Olen地区(意大利西北部长期生态研究站点),一个完整的岩石冰川终止于一个池塘,源自岩石冰川的富含溶质的水通过地下水文窗口流入池塘。在这项研究中,我们进行了地球物理和地表温度测量。此外,我们在被调查的冰川-池塘系统的不同隔室中采样了土壤和沉积物,并在池塘中进一步采样了底栖无脊椎动物。寒冷的地面热态,地面冰的存在,岩石冰川上的粗碎屑覆盖层及其岩性(蛇纹岩)会影响周围地区的岩石冰川地球化学和生态。池塘地球化学受到岩石冰川中富含痕量金属的细粒碎片和融水的转移的影响。蛇纹石伴生的痕量金属的生物利用度得到了提高,底栖无脊椎动物中的镍和铬含量高达384和110 mg kg-1 dw分别可能对池塘生物群产生毒性作用。岩石冰川的前进运动不仅将沉积物输送到池塘,而且逐渐填满了池塘所在的山谷洼地,形成了可以改变蓄水水位的水坝。这个过程可能构成了一个沉积物陷阱,其中蛇形岩冰河沉积物可以沉积在池塘底部,并具有相关的地球化学和生态意义。这项研究说明了冰川对影响下游淡水水体特征的重要性,并强调了需要提高我们对与气候变化相关的冰川动态对高山源水影响的认识。

更新日期:2020-06-09
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