With the emergence of 5G low-latency applications, such as haptics and V2X, low-complexity and low-latency security mechanisms are needed. Promising lightweight mechanisms include physical unclonable functions (PUF) and secret key generation (SKG) at the physical layer, as considered in this paper. In this framework, we propose (i) a zero round trip time (0-RTT) resumption authentication protocol combining PUF and SKG processes, (ii) a novel authenticated encryption (AE) using SKG, and (iii) pipelining of the AE SKG and the encrypted data transfer in order to reduce latency. Implementing the pipelining at PHY, we investigate a parallel SKG approach for multi-carrier systems, where a subset of the subcarriers are used for SKG and the rest for data transmission. The optimal solution to this PHY resource allocation problem is identified under security, power, and delay constraints, by formulating the subcarrier scheduling as a subset-sum 0−1 knapsack optimization. A heuristic algorithm of linear complexity is proposed and shown to incur negligible loss with respect to the optimal dynamic programming solution. All of the proposed mechanisms have the potential to pave the way for a new breed of latency aware security protocols.

随着5G低延迟应用程序（如触觉和V2X）的出现，需要低复杂度和低延迟安全机制。如本文所述，有希望的轻量级机制包括物理不可克隆功能（PUF）和物理层上的秘密密钥生成（SKG）。在此框架中，我们提出（i）结合PUF和SKG流程的零往返时间（0-RTT）恢复身份验证协议，（ii）使用SKG的新型身份验证加密（AE），以及（iii）AE SKG的流水线化以及加密的数据传输以减少延迟。在实现PHY流水线，我们研究一个并行SKG方法用于多载波系统，其中子载波的一个子集用于SKG，其余子载波用于数据传输。通过将子载波调度表述为子集和0-1背包优化，可以在安全性，功率和延迟约束条件下确定此PHY资源分配问题的最佳解决方案。提出了一种线性复杂度的启发式算法，该算法相对于最优动态规划解决方案而言，损失可忽略不计。所有提出的机制都有可能为新型的延迟感知安全协议铺平道路。