Helicobacter pylori is a gram negative, spiral-shaped, and microaerophilic bacteria which can cause life-threatening diseases. It is known that more than 55% of the human population in the world is already infected by this bacterium. The traditional treatment of H. pylori infection consists of a combination of two or more antibiotics. However, H. pylori has evolved to turning its shape from spiral to coccoid form in the presence of antibiotics and this decreases the therapeutic efficacies of conventional antibiotic applications. Resuscitation promoter factor (RPF) is a protein secreted by Micrococcus luteus have significant resuscitation effects on some bacteria especially in the group of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) pathogens. However, there is no study in the literature investigating the resuscitation effects of RPF derived from M. luteus on H. pylori in order to change its form from coccoid to spiral. The purpose of this study is to investigate the resuscitation effect of RPF-containing metabolites isolated from M. luteus on the morphological transformation of H. pylori coccoid forms to spiral forms in order to increase their susceptibilities to antibiotic treatments. Rpf-containing metabolites were primarily obtained from M. luteus culture supernatants. H. pylori was exposed to five different conditions such as prolonged culture, incubation at + 4 °C, incubation at + 22 °C, cultivation in PBS and treatment with kanamycin in order to induce transformations of bacteria to coccoid forms. Induced H.pylori coccoids were characterized by inverted microscope, UV spectrophotometer, SEM imaging, and flow-cytometer. As a result, it was found that the most suitable condition for inducing coccoid forms was cultivation of bacteria with kanamycin. Followingly, different concentrations of RPF-containing metabolites were applied on H. pylori coccoids induced by kanamycin. For the first time in this study, it was determined that the Rpf-containing metabolites obtained from M. luteus demonstrated very high resuscitation effect on kanamycin-induced H. pylori coccoid forms. This new approach for resuscitation of H. pylori coccoids is thought to play an important role in increasing the treatment effectiveness of the conventional antibiotics against the infection.

中文翻译：

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从黄体微球菌中获得的复苏促进因子对幽门螺杆菌球状体形式的复苏

幽门螺杆菌是一种革兰氏阴性、螺旋形、微需氧细菌，可导致危及生命的疾病。众所周知，世界上超过 55% 的人口已经感染了这种细菌。幽门螺杆菌感染的传统治疗包括两种或多种抗生素的组合。然而，在存在抗生素的情况下，幽门螺杆菌的形状已从螺旋形转变为球形，这降低了常规抗生素应用的治疗效果。复苏促进因子 (RPF) 是一种由藤黄微球菌分泌的蛋白质，对某些细菌尤其是活但不可培养 (VBNC) 的病原体具有显着的复苏作用。然而，文献中没有研究来自 M. 的 RPF 的复苏效果。藤黄体在幽门螺杆菌上，以将其形状从球形变为螺旋形。本研究的目的是研究从藤黄体中分离出的含有 RPF 的代谢物对 H. pylori 球状体形态转变为螺旋体形态的复苏作用，以增加其对抗生素治疗的敏感性。含 Rpf 的代谢物主要从 M. luteus 培养上清液中获得。H. pylori 暴露于五种不同的条件，例如延长培养、+ 4 °C 孵育、+ 22 °C 孵育、在 PBS 中培养和用卡那霉素处理以诱导细菌转化为球状形式。通过倒置显微镜、紫外分光光度计、扫描电镜成像和流式细胞仪对诱导的幽门螺杆菌进行了表征。因此，发现诱导球状体形式的最合适条件是用卡那霉素培养细菌。随后，将不同浓度的含 RPF 的代谢物应用于卡那霉素诱导的幽门螺杆菌球体。在本研究中，首次确定从藤黄葡萄球菌获得的含 Rpf 代谢物对卡那霉素诱导的幽门螺杆菌球状体表现出非常高的复苏效果。这种复苏 H. pylori 球虫的新方法被认为在提高常规抗生素对感染的治疗效果方面发挥着重要作用。确定从藤黄体中获得的含有 Rpf 的代谢物对卡那霉素诱导的幽门螺杆菌球状体表现出非常高的复苏效果。这种复苏 H. pylori 球虫的新方法被认为在提高常规抗生素对感染的治疗效果方面发挥着重要作用。确定从藤黄体中获得的含有 Rpf 的代谢物对卡那霉素诱导的幽门螺杆菌球状体表现出非常高的复苏效果。这种复苏 H. pylori 球虫的新方法被认为在提高常规抗生素对感染的治疗效果方面发挥着重要作用。