Heat stress is a significant health concern that can lead to illness, injury, and mortality. The wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index is one method for monitoring environmental heat risk. Generally, WBGT is estimated using a heat stress monitor that includes sensors capable of measuring ambient, wet bulb, and black globe temperature, and these measurements are combined to calculate WBGT. However, this method can be expensive, time consuming, and requires careful attention to ensure accurate and repeatable data. Therefore, researchers have attempted to use standard meteorological measurements, using single data sources as an input (e.g., weather stations) to calculate WBGT. Building on these efforts, we apply data from a variety of sources to calculate WBGT, understand the accuracy of our estimated equation, and compare the performance of different sources of input data. To do this, WBGT measurements were collected from Kestrel 5400 Heat Stress Trackers installed in three locations in Alabama. Data were also drawn from local weather stations, North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS), and low cost iButton hygrometers. We applied previously published equations for estimating natural wet bulb temperature, globe temperature, and WBGT to these diverse data sources. Correlation results showed that WBGT estimates derived from all proxy data sources—weather station, weather station/iButton, NLDAS, NLDAS/iButton—were statistically indistinguishable from each other, or from the Kestrel measurements, at two of the three sites. However, at the same two sites, the addition of iButtons significantly reduced root mean square error and bias compared to other methods.

中文翻译：

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从远程和低成本数据估算湿球温度的方法：阿拉巴马中部的比较研究。

热应激是严重的健康问题，可能导致疾病，受伤和死亡。湿球温度（WBGT）指数是监测环境热风险的一种方法。通常，WBGT是使用热应力监测器估算的，该监测器包括能够测量环境温度，湿球温度和黑球温度的传感器，并将这些测量值结合起来以计算WBGT。但是，此方法可能很昂贵，很耗时，并且需要仔细注意以确保数据的准确性和可重复性。因此，研究人员已尝试使用标准的气象测量方法，即使用单个数据源作为输入（例如气象站）来计算WBGT。在这些努力的基础上，我们使用来自各种来源的数据来计算WBGT，了解我们估算方程的准确性，并比较不同输入数据源的性能。为此，从安装在阿拉巴马州三个位置的Kestrel 5400热应力追踪器收集了WBGT测量值。数据还来自当地的气象站，北美土地数据同化系统（NLDAS）和低成本的iButton湿度计。我们将先前发布的方程式用于估算自然湿球温度，地球温度和WBGT到这些不同的数据源。相关结果表明，在三个站点中的两个站点上，从所有代理数据源（气象站，气象站/ iButton，NLDAS，NLDAS / iButton）得出的WBGT估计值在统计上彼此无区别，或者从Kestrel测量值中无法区分。但是，在相同的两个地点，