Plant fungal pathogens can be classified according to their lifestyles. Biotrophs feed on living tissue and constitute an economically significant group of pathogens historically. Necrotrophs, which feed on dead tissue, have become economically significant over recent decades, especially those of the Dothideomycetes, which produce necrotrophic effectors (NEs) to modulate the host response. Some of these pathogens interact with their hosts in an inverse gene-for-gene manner, where NEs are recognized by specific dominant genes in the host leading to host-mediated programmed cell death allowing the pathogen to cause disease. Whereas the NE genes tend to be unique, several of the plant 'susceptibility' genes belong to the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat class of disease 'resistance' genes, and one is a wall-associated kinase. These susceptible interactions exhibit hallmarks of defense responses to biotrophic pathogens. Therefore, there is now accumulating evidence that many necrotrophic specialists hijack the resistance mechanisms that are effective against biotrophic pathogens.

中文翻译：

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植物基因被坏死性真菌病原体劫持。

植物真菌病原体可以根据其生活方式分类。生物营养素以活体组织为食，历史上构成经济上重要的病原体群。以死组织为食的坏死菌在近几十年来已具有重要的经济意义，尤其是十二生线菌的死灵，后者产生坏死性效应子（NE）来调节宿主的反应。这些病原体中的一些以逆基因对基因的方式与其宿主相互作用，其中NE被宿主中的特定显性基因识别，导致宿主介导的程序性细胞死亡，从而使病原体引起疾病。尽管NE基因倾向于是独特的，但植物的“易感性”基因中的一些属于疾病“抗性”基因的核苷酸结合亮氨酸富集重复序列，其中一个是与壁相关的激酶。这些易感的相互作用表现出对生物营养性病原体防御反应的标志。因此，现在有越来越多的证据表明，许多肾病专家都劫持了对生物营养病原体有效的抗药性机制。