Preeclampsia is a multisystemic disorder that occurs in 5–8% of pregnant women and remains a leading cause of both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The disease is characterized by the abnormal vascular response to placentation, but the exact pathophysiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia remain unknown. Risk factors for preeclampsia include increased maternal age, obesity, multiple gestations, and a history of preeclampsia. Several studies have suggested that altered expression of some microRNAs (miRNAs) in placental tissue, and maternal circulation, may be associated with several types of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, preterm birth, and spontaneous abortion. It is assumed that these miRNAs play an important role in various cellular processes important for maintaining a healthy pregnancy, including promoting angiogenesis and the differentiation of trophoblast cells. In this review, we discuss the role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers of preeclampsia.

中文翻译：

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MicroRNA作为先兆子痫检测的生物标志物的诊断潜力。

子痫前期是多系统疾病，在5–8％的孕妇中发生，并且仍然是孕产妇和胎儿发病率和死亡率的主要原因。该疾病的特征是对胎盘的异常血管反应，但子痫前期的确切病理生理和发病机制仍然未知。先兆子痫的危险因素包括产妇年龄增加，肥胖，多胎和先兆子痫病史。多项研究表明，胎盘组织中某些microRNA（miRNA）的表达改变以及母亲的血液循环可能与多种妊娠并发症有关，例如先兆子痫，早产和自然流产。假定这些miRNA在维持健康怀孕的各种细胞过程中起着重要作用，包括促进血管生成和滋养细胞的分化。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了miRNA作为先兆子痫潜在生物标志物的作用。