There were increasing concerns on the possibility and suitability of using elevators for high-rise building evacuation because, through the improvement of the elevator system, the self-evacuation ability of age people is promoted as much as possible in the process of an emergency evacuation. The combined evacuation using both elevators and stairs was put into discussion. However, there was no empirical evidence and numerical simulation on emergency evacuation using both elevators and staircases for aging people in high-rise nursing homes. Therefore, using one case study, this paper simulated the emergency evacuation in a high-rise nursing home using variables such as the distribution of the elderly with different physical conditions, the proportion of the elderly in different physical conditions, the number of the elderly, the number of floors, the number of elevators used, and the priority of the elevator floor. By simulating the evacuation process in various scenarios, the general distribution strategy of high-rise nursing home and the optimal use of the elevator-stair combination during the emergency evacuation were developed. Results show that the elevator-stair combination of evacuation is more effective than using elevators or stairs alone. Increasing the number and speed of elevators can reduce evacuation time. Categorizing elderly people on each floor according to their physical conditions could reduce the evacuation time than randomly distributing them.

中文翻译：

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同时使用电梯和楼梯进行人员疏散的消防疏散过程：高层护理院人员分布的模拟案例研究

人们越来越关注使用电梯进行高层建筑物疏散的可能性和适用性，因为通过改进电梯系统，在紧急疏散过程中尽可能提高了老年人的自我疏散能力。讨论了使用电梯和楼梯的联合疏散。但是，没有关于高层护理院中老年人使用电梯和楼梯紧急疏散的经验证据和数值模拟。因此，本文通过一个案例研究，使用变量（例如不同身体状况的老年人的分布，不同身体状况的老年人的比例，老年人的数量，楼层数 使用的电梯数量以及电梯楼层的优先级。通过模拟各种情况下的疏散过程，制定了高层护理院的一般布局策略，并提出了紧急疏散过程中电梯-楼梯组合的最佳使用方式。结果表明，与单独使用电梯或楼梯相比，电梯与楼梯的疏散组合更为有效。增加电梯的数量和速度可以减少疏散时间。根据老年人的身体状况将他们分类在各个楼层，比起随机分配他们，可以减少疏散时间。提出了高层护理院的总体布局策略和紧急疏散过程中电梯-楼梯组合的最佳使用方法。结果表明，与单独使用电梯或楼梯相比，电梯与楼梯的疏散组合更为有效。增加电梯的数量和速度可以减少疏散时间。根据老年人的身体状况将他们分类在各个楼层，比起随机分配他们，可以减少疏散时间。提出了高层护理院的总体布局策略和紧急疏散过程中电梯-楼梯组合的最佳使用方法。结果表明，与单独使用电梯或楼梯相比，电梯与楼梯之间的疏散组合更为有效。增加电梯的数量和速度可以减少疏散时间。根据老年人的身体状况将他们分类在各个楼层，比起随机分配他们，可以减少疏散时间。