Vehicle-to-everything communications (V2X), whose main objective is to improve security and efficiency, are provided by ad hoc vehicle networks that allow communication between vehicles. In the current study, a hexagonal microstrip patch antenna has been developed to cover the navigational frequencies, WiMAX at 3.7 GHz and DSRC/IEEE802.11p at 5.9 GHz to meet the demands of various vehicular applications. The antenna design is based on Cantor fractal slot, partial ground plane, and inset feed which is directly fed through the microstrip line. The proposed antenna shields the frequency band from 3.22 to 6.5 GHz with VSWR $\lt$2 within all the frequency bands. The presented antenna can resonate well in the 5.85–5.95 GHz band assigned for DSRC/IEEE802.11p and 3.7 GHz assigned for LTE/V2X. Simulated antenna gain varies from 3.06 to 5.25 dB within the operated frequency range providing an omnidirectional simulated radiation pattern in the most azimuth plane. To prove the validity of the simulation results, the chosen antenna structure has been fabricated and tested using a vector network analyzer MS2630. The measurement shows good results, which make the antenna suitable for wireless applications of interest.

中文翻译：

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用于车载通信的具有康托尔设置分形槽的宽带微带天线

车辆对一切通信 (V2X) 的主要目标是提高安全性和效率，由允许车辆之间通信的自组车辆网络提供。在目前的研究中，已经开发出一种六边形微带贴片天线来覆盖导航频率、3.7 GHz 的 WiMAX 和 5.9 GHz 的 DSRC/IEEE802.11p，以满足各种车辆应用的需求。天线设计基于康托尔分形槽、部分接地平面和直接通过微带线馈电的插入馈电。建议的天线使用 VSWR 屏蔽 3.22 至 6.5 GHz 的频带$\lt$2 在所有频段内。所提出的天线可以在分配给 DSRC/IEEE802.11p 的 5.85–5.95 GHz 频段和分配给 LTE/V2X 的 3.7 GHz 频段中很好地谐振。模拟天线增益在工作频率范围内从 3.06 到 5.25 dB 变化，在最方位平面提供全向模拟辐射方向图。为了证明仿真结果的有效性，我们使用矢量网络分析仪 MS2630 制作并测试了所选天线结构。测量显示了良好的结果，这使得天线适用于感兴趣的无线应用。