Host genetic variation may be a contributing factor to variability in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia duration. We assessed whether 28 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seven genes (TLR2, TLR4, TIRAP, IRAK4, TRAF6, NOD2, and CISH) that mediate host immune response were associated with S. aureus bacteremia duration. Subjects included 158 patients with short-term (≤4 days) and 44 with persistent (>4 days) S. aureus bacteremia from an academic medical center. In single SNP analyses, the minor allele frequencies of three TIRAP SNPs (rs655540, rs563011, and rs8177376) were higher in persistent bacteremia (P < 0.05). A haplotype with all three minor alleles was also associated with persistent bacteremia (P = 0.037). The minor allele frequencies of four other TIRAP SNPs (rs8177342, rs4937114, rs3802813, and rs4937115) were higher in short-term bacteremia (P < 0.05), and a haplotype containing the four minor alleles was associated with short-term bacteremia (P = 0.045). All seven SNPs are located in binding sites for proteins or noncoding RNAs that regulate transcription. None of the associations remained statistically significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Further investigation is needed to understand how genetic variation in TIRAP and other host immune genes may influence the duration of S. aureus bacteremia.

宿主遗传变异可能是导致金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症持续时间变异的一个因素。我们评估了介导宿主免疫反应的七个基因（ TLR2、TLR4、TIRAP、IRAK4、TRAF6、NOD2和CISH ）中的 28 个单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 是否与金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症持续时间相关。受试者包括来自学术医疗中心的158 名短期（≤4 天）金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症患者和 44 名持续性（>4 天）金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症患者。在单个 SNP 分析中，三个TIRAP的次要等位基因频率SNP（rs655540、rs563011和rs8177376）在持续性菌血症中较高（P  < 0.05）。具有所有三个次要等位基因的单倍型也与持续性菌血症有关（P  = 0.037）。其他四个TIRAP SNP（rs8177342、rs4937114、rs3802813 和 rs4937115）的次要等位基因频率在短期菌血症中较高（P  < 0.05），包含四个次要等位基因的单倍型与短期菌血症相关（P = 0.045)。所有七个 SNP 都位于调节转录的蛋白质或非编码 RNA 的结合位点。在对多重比较进行调整后，没有一个关联在统计学上保持显着性。需要进一步研究以了解TIRAP和其他宿主免疫基因的遗传变异如何影响金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症的持续时间。