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Specialized breeding in plants affects diversification trajectories in Neotropical frogs
Evolution ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 , DOI: 10.1111/evo.14037
João Filipe Riva Tonini 1, 2 , Rodrigo Barbosa Ferreira 3 , R Alexander Pyron 1
Affiliation  

Many animals breed exclusively in plants that accumulate rainwater (phytotelma; e.g., bromeliad, bamboo, fruit husk, and tree hole), to which they are either physiologically or behaviorally specialized for this microhabitat. Of the numerous life-history modes observed in frogs, few are as striking or potentially consequential as the transition from pond- or stream-breeding to the deposition of eggs or larvae in phytotelmata. Such specialization can increase offspring survivorship due to reduced competition and predation, representing potential ecological opportunity for adaptive radiation, yet few lineages of phytotelma-breeding frogs appear to have diversified extensively after such a transition, at least in the New World. We use a phylogeny of Neotropical frogs and data on breeding microhabitat to understand the evolutionary transitions involved with specialized phytotelma-breeding. First, we find that phytotelma-breeding is present in at least 168 species in 10 families of frogs. Across the phylogeny, we estimate 14 origins of phytotelma-breeding and 115 reversals, showing that phytotelma-breeding is a highly labile character. Second, phytotelma-breeding lineages overall have higher net diversification than non-phytotelma-breeding ones. This specialization represents an ecological opportunity resulting in increased diversification in most families with phytotelma-breeding lineages, whereas phytotelma-breeding toads have restricted diversification histories. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译:

植物的专业育种影响新热带青蛙的多样化轨迹

许多动物只在积累雨水的植物中繁殖(植物,例如凤梨科植物、竹子、果壳和树洞),它们在生理上或行为上都专门为这种微生境而生。在青蛙中观察到的众多生活史模式中,很少有像从池塘或溪流繁殖到在植物中的卵或幼虫沉积的过渡那样引人注目或具有潜在意义的。由于竞争和捕食减少,这种专业化可以增加后代的存活率,这代表了适应性辐射的潜在生态机会,但在这种转变之后,至少在新世界中,很少有种植物蛙的谱系出现广泛多样化。我们使用新热带青蛙的系统发育和繁殖微生境的数据来了解与专门的植物繁殖有关的进化转变。首先,我们发现 phytotelma 繁殖存在于 10 个青蛙科的至少 168 个物种中。在整个系统发育过程中,我们估计了 14 种植物性植物繁殖的起源和 115 种逆转,表明植物性植物繁殖是一个高度不稳定的特征。其次,植物电木育种谱系总体上比非植物电木育种谱系具有更高的净多样化。这种专业化代表了一个生态机会,导致大多数具有植物性繁殖谱系的家庭的多样化增加,而植物性繁殖蟾蜍的多样化历史受到限制。本文受版权保护。版权所有。我们发现 phytotelma 繁殖存在于 10 个青蛙科的至少 168 个物种中。在整个系统发育过程中,我们估计了 14 种植物性植物繁殖的起源和 115 种逆转,表明植物性植物繁殖是一个高度不稳定的特征。其次,植物电木育种谱系总体上比非植物电木育种谱系具有更高的净多样化。这种专业化代表了一个生态机会,导致大多数具有植物性繁殖谱系的家庭的多样化增加,而植物性繁殖蟾蜍的多样化历史受到限制。本文受版权保护。版权所有。我们发现 phytotelma 繁殖存在于 10 个青蛙科的至少 168 个物种中。在整个系统发育过程中,我们估计了 14 种植物性植物繁殖的起源和 115 种逆转,表明植物性植物繁殖是一个高度不稳定的特征。其次,植物电木育种谱系总体上比非植物电木育种谱系具有更高的净多样化。这种专业化代表了一个生态机会,导致大多数具有植物性繁殖谱系的家庭的多样化增加,而植物性繁殖蟾蜍的多样化历史受到限制。本文受版权保护。版权所有。表明phytotelma育种是一个高度不稳定的特征。其次,植物电木育种谱系总体上比非植物电木育种谱系具有更高的净多样化。这种专业化代表了一个生态机会,导致大多数具有植物性繁殖谱系的家庭的多样化增加,而植物性繁殖蟾蜍的多样化历史受到限制。本文受版权保护。版权所有。表明phytotelma育种是一个高度不稳定的特征。其次,植物电木育种谱系总体上比非植物电木育种谱系具有更高的净多样化。这种专业化代表了一个生态机会,导致大多数具有植物性繁殖谱系的家庭的多样化增加,而植物性繁殖蟾蜍的多样化历史受到限制。本文受版权保护。版权所有。
更新日期:2020-06-24
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