Water Resources Management ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s11269-020-02586-5 Jose M. Gonzalez , Marcelo A. Olivares , Josué Medellín-Azuara , Rodrigo Moreno
Reservoir operations often require balancing among several water uses. Despite the non-consumptive nature of hydropower, conflicts exist between irrigation and hydropower due to a demand seasonality mismatch. Hydropower operations are scheduled as part of a large-scale power grid, whereas irrigation decisions takes place at a smaller scale, most often the river basin. Balancing these water uses should involve a co-optimization at the power grid level, integrating all basins contributing hydropower to the grid. However, grid-wide co-optimization is not always possible due, for instance, to separate regulatory settings between water uses. For those cases, we propose a basin-wide co-optimization approach that integrates two decision scales—power grid and river basin— into a hydro-economic model. Water for irrigation is usually allocated by water rights or binding contracts, represented as constraints on grid-wide power operation models. We propose a water allocation scheme that integrates monthly marginal benefits of water for irrigation and hydropower at the basin level. Monthly water demand functions for irrigation are developed using an agricultural economic model, and marginal benefits of hydropower production are derived from a cost-minimization, grid-wide power scheduling model. Results for 50 inflow scenarios show that the proposed basin-wide co-optimization provides an economically sound operation. Total benefits from water use in the basin are on average 2.5% higher than those obtained under mandatory irrigation. Moreover, expected benefits under co-optimization are 5.4% and 1.8% higher for irrigated agriculture and hydropower, respectively, alleviating the conflicts between water uses in the basin.
中文翻译:
多功能水库运行:水力发电与灌溉农业之间的多尺度权衡分析
水库运营通常需要在几种用水之间取得平衡。尽管水电具有非消费性质,但由于需求季节性不匹配,灌溉和水电之间仍存在冲突。水电运行计划作为大型电网的一部分,而灌溉决策则在较小的规模上进行,通常是流域。平衡这些用水量应包括在电网水平上进行协同优化,整合所有为电网贡献水力的流域。但是,由于将水使用之间的监管设置区分开来,因此无法始终实现网格范围内的共同优化。对于这些情况,我们提出了一种流域范围内的共同优化方法,该方法将电网和流域这两个决策尺度整合到水力经济模型中。灌溉用水通常由水权或有约束力的合同分配,这表示对全电网电力运行模型的约束。我们提出了一项水分配计划,该计划应整合流域水在灌溉和水力发电方面的每月边际收益。使用农业经济模型开发了灌溉用水的每月需水量函数,而水电生产的边际收益则来自于成本最小化的全电网电力调度模型。50个流入情景的结果表明,拟议的全流域协同优化提供了经济上合理的运营。流域用水的总收益平均比强制灌溉获得的总收益高2.5%。此外,灌溉农业和水力发电在共同优化下的预期收益分别高出5.4%和1.8%,