Background: Today, “drugs of abuse” pose serious social problems such as many crimes, medical treatment costs, and economic repercussions. Several worldwide clinical laboratories use analytical separation methods to analyze their patient samples for drugs and poisons. In this way, they provide qualitative and quantitative data on the substances in various biological matrices (e.g., urine, plasma or serum, saliva, and breath).

Methods: An extensive review of the published articles indicates that the use of Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) coupled with sensitivity enhancing methods is a very attractive area of interest in the assay of drugs of abuse.

Results: This review was prepared to have a comprehensive study on applications of sensitivity enhancing methods on the determination of drugs of abuse especially from 2007 to present. The sample preconcentration approaches almost address all methods from online preconcentration (both electrophoretic and chromatographic-based methods) to offline preconcentration. Furthermore, detection system modification and capillary column fabrications were investigated in order to increase the detection sensitivity of complex samples in CE.

Conclusion: The present review summarizes the most recent developments in the detection of drugs of abuse using CE. Although CE still has a limitation in sensitive detection, several publications in recent years have proposed valuable methods to overcome this problem.

背景：如今，“滥用毒品”带来了严重的社会问题，例如许多犯罪，医疗费用和经济影响。全球多个临床实验室使用分析分离方法来分析其患者样品中的药物和毒物。这样，他们就各种生物基质（例如尿液，血浆或血清，唾液和呼吸）中的物质提供了定性和定量数据。

方法：对已发表文章的广泛审查表明，毛细管电泳（CE）与灵敏度增强方法的结合在滥用药物测定中是非常有吸引力的关注领域。

结果：本综述旨在从2007年至今对敏感性增强方法在确定滥用药物中的应用进行全面研究。样品预浓缩方法几乎解决了从在线预浓缩（基于电泳和色谱的方法）到离线预浓缩的所有方法。此外，对检测系统的改进和毛细管柱的制造进行了研究，以提高CE中复杂样品的检测灵敏度。

结论：本综述总结了使用CE检测滥用药物的最新进展。尽管CE在灵敏检测方面仍然有局限性，但近年来有一些出版物提出了有价值的方法来克服此问题。