Road transportations still play a dominant role in goods delivery, and driving behaviours significantly affect the fuel economy of heavy-duty trucks. Plenty of fossil fuel is wasted as a result of unreasonable driving behaviours even in the case of highly experienced drivers. The objective of this paper is to analyse drivers’ behaviours over two segments of motorways and estimate the potential benefits of fuel saving caused by a change in driving habits during national and international goods delivery. Drivers’ habits on motorways change depending on the road situations. In the acceleration process, the fuel consumption rates are huge even under low-speed conditions. The truck fuel consumption rates are exaggerated by positive road slopes, but still dominated by acceleration. Accelerations are generally in normal distributions, with the median value being approximately 0.5 m/s2. The speed ranges corresponding to each gear enlarge with the increase in gear number. The potentials of annual fuel saving for parts of European Union countries are nearly 2 × 106 m3 by adopting proper driving behaviours.

中文翻译：

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基于高速公路测试的货车司机驾驶行为分析

公路运输在货物运输中仍占主导地位，驾驶行为显着影响重型卡车的燃油经济性。即使在经验丰富的驾驶员的情况下，由于不合理的驾驶行为也会浪费大量化石燃料。本文的目的是分析高速公路两个路段上驾驶员的行为，并估计在国内和国际货物运输过程中驾驶习惯的改变所带来的节省燃料的潜在好处。驾驶员在高速公路上的习惯会因道路情况而异。在加速过程中，即使在低速条件下，油耗率也很大。正道路坡度会夸大卡车油耗率，但仍以加速为主。加速度通常呈正态分布，中值约为 0.5 m/s2。每个档位对应的速度范围随着档位数量的增加而扩大。通过采取适当的驾驶行为，欧盟部分国家的年节油潜力接近 2 × 106 m3。