Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that results in severe inflammatory microenvironments in the joint tissues. In clinics, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are generally prescribed to patients with RA, but their long-term use often shows toxicity in some organs such as the gastrointestinal system, skin, and kidneys and immunosuppression-mediated infection. Nanomedicine has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy to efficiently localize the drugs in inflamed joints for the treatment of RA. In this Review, we introduce recent research in the area of nanomedicine for the treatment of RA and discuss how the nanomedicine can be used to deliver therapeutic agents to the inflamed joints and manage the progression of RA, particularly focusing on targeted delivery, controlled drug release, and immune modulation.

中文翻译：

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用于治疗类风湿性关节炎的纳米药物

类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病，会导致关节组织中出现严重的炎症微环境。在临床上，通常给RA患者开具改善病情的抗风湿药（DMARDs），但长期使用往往会出现胃肠系统、皮肤、肾脏等器官的毒性和免疫抑制介导的感染。纳米医学已成为一种新的治疗策略，可有效地将药物定位在发炎的关节中以治疗 RA。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了纳米药物治疗 RA 领域的最新研究，并讨论了如何使用纳米药物将治疗剂输送到发炎的关节并控制 RA 的进展，特别关注靶向输送、控制药物释放和免疫调节。