Dam Construction as an Important Anthropogenic Activity Disturbing Soil Organic Carbon in Affected Watersheds.,Environmental Science & Technology

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Dam Construction as an Important Anthropogenic Activity Disturbing Soil Organic Carbon in Affected Watersheds.
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06304
Sichu Wang _{1,

2,

3} , Hongying Li _{1,

2,

4} , Xiaorong Wei ₅ , Ningyuan Zhu _{1,

2} , Pengfei Sun _{1,

2} , Lizhong Xia _{1,

2} , Cilai Tang ₆ , Qingzhong Han ₇ , Guangguo Zhang ₇ , Chiju Liu ₈ , Xuefeng Wang ₈ , Jan Dolfing ₉ , Yonghong Wu _{1,

2,

6,

9} , Josep Peñuelas ₁₀ , Yong-Guan Zhu ₁₁

Affiliation

State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Ecosystem, Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China, Shuitianba Zigui, Yichang 443605, China.
College of Advanced Agricultural Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China.
Zigui Center of Agricultural Technology Extension, Danyang Road, Zigui, Yichang 443600, Hubei, China.
Zigui Meteorological Bureau, 1, Tianwen Road, Zigui, Yichang 443600, Hubei, China.
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas (CSIC), Global Ecology Unit, Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF)-CSIC, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.

To explore whether and how anthropogenic activities related to surface water regulation (i.e., dam construction) disturb soil ecosystems in the surrounding uplands, a long-term monitoring program was conducted from 1998 to 2017 in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China. The Three Gorges Dam (TGD) is the largest hydraulic engineering project in the world. We present a direct, ecosystem-scale demonstration of changes in the soil organic carbon (SOC) content in the TGD watershed before and after the surface water was reshaped. The average SOC content decreased from 12.9 to 9.5 g/kg between 2004 and 2012 and then recovered to 13.8 g/kg in 2017. Dynamics of SOC were partly attributed to shifts in the composition of soil microbial communities responsible for carbon biogeochemistry. The shifts in microbial taxa were associated with the changed microclimate affected by the TGD as well as global and regional climate variability. The microclimate, soil microorganisms, and plant organic carbon input explained 40.2% of the variation in the SOC content. This study revealed that dam construction was an important and indirect driver for the SOC turnover, and the subsequent effects on the upland soil ecosystem must be considered when large-scale disturbance activities (such as dam construction) are conducted in the future.

更新日期：2020-07-07

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