Exercise is a key component of a healthy lifestyle as it helps maintain a healthy body weight and reduces the risk of various morbidities and co‐morbidities. Exercise is an acute physiological stress that initiates a multitude of processes that attempt to restore physiological homeostasis and promote adaptation. A component of the stress response to exercise is the rapid release of hormones from the adrenal gland including glucocorticoids, the catecholamines and aldosterone. While each hormone targets several tissues throughout the body, skeletal muscle is of interest as it is central to physical function and various metabolic processes. Indeed, adrenal stress hormones have been shown to elicit specific performance benefits on the muscle. However, how the acute, short‐lived release of these stress hormones during exercise influences adaptations of skeletal muscle to long‐term training remains largely unknown. Thus, the objective of this review was to briefly highlight the known impact of adrenal stress hormones on skeletal muscle metabolism and function (Old Dog), and critically examine the current evidence supporting a role for these endogenous hormones in mediating long‐term training adaptations in skeletal muscle (New Tricks).

中文翻译：

---

运动训练期间骨骼肌中肾上腺应激激素的作用：老狗有新花样？

锻炼是健康生活方式的重要组成部分，因为它有助于保持健康的体重并降低各种疾病和合并症的风险。运动是一种急性生理压力，它启动了许多试图恢复生理稳态和促进适应的过程。运动应激反应的一个组成部分是肾上腺快速释放激素，包括糖皮质激素、儿茶酚胺和醛固酮。虽然每种激素都针对全身的多个组织，但骨骼肌对身体功能和各种代谢过程至关重要，因此引起了人们的兴趣。事实上，肾上腺压力荷尔蒙已被证明对肌肉产生特定的性能益处。然而，如何急性，运动期间这些压力荷尔蒙的短暂释放会影响骨骼肌对长期训练的适应，这在很大程度上仍然未知。因此，本综述的目的是简要强调肾上腺应激激素对骨骼肌代谢和功能的已知影响（老狗），并批判性地审查支持这些内源性激素在调节长期训练适应中的作用的当前证据。骨骼肌（新技巧）。