The construction of a compact separation layer with selective channel and hydrophilic surface is a promising way to fabricate the composite nanofiltration membranes with both high selectivity and antifouling performance. In this study, a strategy that incorporating zwitterion functionalized titania (ZTi) into membrane surface through facile in-situ sol-gel process is proposed. The titania sol is firstly prepared using tetrabutyl titanate as the precursor and then functionalized by abundant zwitterions based on the chelation reaction. Finally, the ZTi is introduced into polyamide (PA) on the surface of porous polyethersulfone (PES) by in-situ sol-gel method during interfacial polymerization. The physical and chemical structure of the membrane surface is tuned by varying the loading level of titania. Due to the good interfacial compatibility between inorganic ZTi and PA polymer, the optimized PA-ZTi/PES membrane shows a high water flux of 283.5 L m⁻² h⁻¹ MPa⁻¹ and a high Na₂SO₄ rejection ratio of 92.7%, which overcomes the trade-off effect between permeability and selectivity. Moreover, the PA-ZTi/PES series membranes also show superior antifouling performance with flux recovery ratios of 92.9% (against bovine serum albumin) and 95.6% (against humic acid).

具有选择性通道和亲水性表面的致密分离层的构造是制备具有高选择性和防污性能的复合纳米过滤膜的有前途的方法。在这项研究中，提出了一种通过简便的原位溶胶-凝胶工艺将两性离子官能化的二氧化钛（ZTi）掺入膜表面的策略。首先使用钛酸四丁酯作为前体制备二氧化钛溶胶，然后基于螯合反应通过大量的两性离子将其功能化。最后，在界面聚合过程中，通过原位溶胶-凝胶法将ZTi引入多孔聚醚砜（PES）表面的聚酰胺（PA）中。膜表面的物理和化学结构可通过改变二氧化钛的负载量来调整。^-2 h ^-1 MPa ^-1和高的Na ₂ SO ₄截留率达92.7％，克服了渗透率和选择性之间的权衡效应。此外，PA-ZTi / PES系列膜还显示出优异的防污性能，通量回收率分别为92.9％（抗牛血清白蛋白）和95.6％（抗腐殖酸）。