Ceftolozane-tazobactam is an antipseudomonal cephalosporin combined with a β-lactamase inhibitor. Ceftolozane-tazobactam has been approved for treatment of complicated urinary tract infections and acute pyelonephritis, for complicated intra-abdominal infections (with metronidazole) in adults, and for hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia including ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. This study analyzed gram-negative pathogen susceptibility in US and European patients who are considered at risk for infections caused by pathogens resistant to commonly used antimicrobials: patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), patients on the hematology/oncology or transplant service who may be immunocompromised, and patients >65 years old (yo). ICU patients had the lowest susceptibility for Enterobacterales and PSA. The susceptibility for isolates from the immunocompromised and >65 yo groups was similar. Ceftolozane-tazobactam was the most active agent against PSA, with ≥90%S for >65 yo and immunocompromised, and >80%S for ICU. Meropenem and ceftolozane-tazobactam were the most active agents against Enterobacterales.

头孢唑烷-他唑巴坦是一种抗β-内酰胺酶抑制剂的抗假性头孢菌素。头孢洛氮他唑巴坦已被批准用于治疗成人复杂的尿路感染和急性肾盂肾炎，成人的复杂腹腔内感染（甲硝唑）以及医院获得性细菌性肺炎，包括呼吸机相关细菌性肺炎。这项研究分析了在美国和欧洲的患者中革兰氏阴性病原体的易感性，这些患者被认为具有对常用抗菌素耐药的病原体引起感染的风险：重症监护病房（ICU）的患者，接受血液学/肿瘤学或移植服务的患者可能免疫功能低下，年龄> 65岁的患者（yo）。ICU患者对肠杆菌和PSA的敏感性最低。来自免疫受损和> 65岁组的分离株的敏感性相似。头孢唑烷-他唑巴坦是最有效的抗PSA剂，> 65岁且免疫受损的患者≥90％S，而ICU≥80％S。美洛培南和头孢洛氮他唑巴坦是对抗肠杆菌最活跃的药物。