The multifunctional nanocomposite BC-GO@Fe₃O₄ was prepared by incorporating magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in cellulosic Black cumin seed powder which was functionalized with graphene oxide following co-precipitation method. The prepared BC-GO@Fe₃O₄ was characterized by employing thermal, spectroscopic and microscopic techniques that showed high thermal stability, magnetic behaviour, and the presence of large numbers of hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups at the surface. The in vitro investigation has shown that BC-GO@Fe₃O₄ possesses significant antibacterial activities against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains, and antioxidant capability. Thus the prepared nanocomposite is biologically safe and beneficial; therefore was tested for adsorptive removal of both cationic and anionic representative water pollutants, namely, methylene blue and arsenic from their aqueous solutions. The removal was carried out under variable conditions and the process has been investigated thoroughly. The adsorption data for both methylene blue and arsenic fitted well to the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetics which suggested that both these pollutants, during adsorption, bound specifically to the chemically active sites on the surface of BC-GO@Fe₃O₄. However, for comparison purpose the Langmuir capacity was determined at equilibrium which was found to be approximately 10.0 mg g⁻¹ for methylene blue and 1.0 mg g⁻¹ for arsenic at optimum conditions (Adsorbent dose: 1.0 g L⁻¹ for both methylene and arsenic; initial concentration: 10.0 and 1.0 mg L⁻¹, and pH: 7.0 for methylene blue and arsenic, respectively). The obtained adsorption capacities were compared with previously reported adsorption capacities for various adsorbents for methylene blue and arsenic which proved the better adsorption capacities of BC-GO@Fe₃O₄ for the present study. Therefore, BC-GO@Fe₃O₄, a biologically safe and beneficial material, can be employed for adsorptive removal of dyes and arsenic from water while controlling the bacterial growth and acting as antioxidant.

通过将磁性Fe ₃ O ₄纳米粒子掺入纤维素黑小茴香籽粉中制备多功能纳米复合材料BC-GO @ Fe ₃ O ₄，该粒子通过共沉淀法用氧化石墨烯进行功能化。所制备的BC-GO @ Fe ₃ O _4的特征在于采用热，光谱和显微技术，这些技术显示出高的热稳定性，磁性能以及在表面上存在大量的羟基和羰基官能团。体外研究表明，BC-GO @ Fe ₃ O ₄对革兰氏阴性和阴性细菌具有显着的抗菌活性。革兰氏阳性菌菌株和抗氧化能力。因此，制备的纳米复合材料在生物学上是安全和有益的。因此，测试了从其水溶液中吸附去除阳离子和阴离子代表的水污染物，即亚甲基蓝和砷的方法。去除是在可变条件下进行的，并且对该过程进行了彻底的研究。亚甲基蓝和砷的吸附数据非常适合Freundlich等温线和拟二级动力学，这表明这两种污染物在吸附过程中均与BC-GO @ Fe ₃ O ₄表面的化学活性位点特异性结合。。然而，用于比较的目的，在其被发现是大约10.0毫克克平衡测定朗缪尔容量^-1亚甲基蓝和1.0mg克^-1为在最佳条件下的砷（吸附剂剂量：1.0克L- ^-1两个亚甲基和砷；初始浓度：亚甲基蓝和砷分别为10.0和1.0 mg L ^-1，pH：7.0。将所获得的吸附能力与先前报道的各种吸附剂对亚甲基蓝和砷的吸附能力进行了比较，证明了本研究中BC-GO @ Fe ₃ O _4的吸附能力更好。因此，BC-GO @ Fe ₃ O ₄一种生物安全和有益的材料，可用于从水中吸附去除染料和砷，同时控制细菌的生长并充当抗氧化剂。